Initiate development and production of global maps of monthly global air-sea CO2 fluxes. This will involve combining NASA satellite remote sensing observations, in situ ocean carbon dioxide measurements, and complementary data collection efforts of related properties including O2, DIC and biological properties with global ocean biogeochemistry models and data assimilation. Remote sensing data products will include ocean color and sea surface temperature (SST) (for data assimilation), and wind products and, eventually, ocean salinity measurements from Aquarius (for model forcing and carbon data assimilation).
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Project URL(s):
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Data Products:
Product Title: Global maps of monthly global air-sea CO2 fluxes
Time Period: 2003-2012
Description: Description:
Using the NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model model we calculated daily and monthly CO2 flux from the oceans to the atmosphere at a 1 by 1.25 degree resolution.
Model information:
Global ocean carbon dynamics are simulated by the NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM).It is a three-dimensional representation of coupled circulation/biogeochemical/ radiative processes in the global oceans (Gregg et al., 2003; Gregg and Casey, 2007). It spans the domain from –84 degrees to 72 degrees latitude in increments of 1.25 degrees longitude by 2/3 degree latitude, including only open ocean areas, where bottom depth is greater than 200m. Surface spectral irradiance is derived from the Ocean-Atmosphere Spectral Irradiance Model (OASIM; Gregg and Casey, 2009). NOBM underwent spin-up for 200 years under climatological forcing. Initial conditions for DIC were derived from the Global Data Analysis Project (GLODAP; Key et al., 2004). We averaged DIC over oceanographic basins and depth and used these mean values for initial conditions. DOC initial conditions were set to 0 microM. Other initial conditions are described in Gregg and Casey (2007). For the forcing data sets, monthly climatologies were used in all cases. All except soil dust (iron), ozone, clouds, and atmospheric CO2 were obtained from MERRA products. Ozone was from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer, and soil dust deposition was from Ginoux et al. (2001). Cloud data (cover and liquid water path) were obtained from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project. Atmospheric CO2 was taken from the NOAA/ESRL data set for the year 2000.
NOBM was forced with time synchronized MERRA data and atmospheric CO2 concentrations appropriate for the period from NOAA/ESRL. MODIS-Aqua chlorophyll data were assimilated with the model using data from the 2010 re-processing.
Data are presented as monthly maps for the period 2003 through 2012.
References:
Ginoux, P., M. Chin, I. Tegen, J.M. Prospero, B. Holben, O. Dubovik, and S.-J. Lin, 2001. Sources and distributions of dust aerosols simulated with the GOCART model. Journal of Geophysical Research 106, 20255-20273.
Gregg, W.W., P. Ginoux, P.S. Schopf, and N.W. Casey, 2003. Phytoplankton and Iron: Validation of a global three-dimensional ocean biogeochemical model. Deep-Sea Research II 50: 3143-3169.
Gregg, W.W. and Casey, N.W., 2007. Modeling coccolithophores in the global oceans. Deep-Sea Research II 54: 447-477.
Gregg, W.W. and N.W. Casey, 2009. Skill assessment of a spectral ocean-atmosphere radiative model. Journal of Marine Systems 76: 49-63.
Key, R.M., A. Kozyr, C.L. Sabin, K. Lee, R. Wanninkhof, J.L. Bullister, R.A. Feely, F.J. Millero, C. Mordy, and T.-H. Peng, 2004. A global ocean carbon climatology: Results from Global Data Analysis Project (GLODAP). Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: 10.1029/2004GB002247.
Input Data Products: Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM), Ocean-Atmosphere Spectral Irradiance Model (OASIM; Gregg and Casey, 2009), Global Data Analysis Project (GLODAP; Key et al., 2004), MERRA, Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer, International Satellite Cloud Climatology Projec, NOAA/ESRL, MODIS-Aqua chlorophyll data
Gregg, W. W., Rousseaux, C. S. 2014. Decadal trends in global pelagic ocean chlorophyll: A new assessment integrating multiple satellites, in situ data, and models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 119(9), 5921-5933. DOI: 10.1002/2014JC010158
Gregg, W. W., Casey, N. W., Rousseaux, C. S. 2014. Sensitivity of simulated global ocean carbon flux estimates to forcing by reanalysis products. Ocean Modelling. 80, 24-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.05.002
Rousseaux, C., Gregg, W. 2013. Interannual Variation in Phytoplankton Primary Production at A Global Scale. Remote Sensing. 6(1), 1-19. DOI: 10.3390/rs6010001
2015 NASA Carbon Cycle & Ecosystems Joint Science Workshop Poster(s)
Sensitivity of simulated global ocean carbon flux estimates to forcing
by reanalysis products
-- (Watson W. Gregg, Cecile S. Rousseaux)
[abstract]