We propose to contribute to the NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) with a fourdimensional variational (4D-var) inverse modeling capability for methane emissions in
North America integrating satellite (GOSAT, TES), aircraft (CalNex, HIPPO,
NOAA/CCGG), and surface-based (TCCON, NOAA/CCGG) observations. Our work
will build on the existing CMS capability at JPL for carbon flux inversions using the
adjoint of the global GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM). Here we will apply
the adjoint of the nested version of GEOS-Chem with 1/2o × 2/3o (~50 × 50 km2)
horizontal resolution over North America and adjacent oceans. The nested model will
enable fine-scale constraints on methane sources through the 4D-var inversion. We will
focus on 2009 2011 when data from both GOSAT and TES are available together with
aircraft campaign data over the US from CalNex (May July 2010) and HIPPO (June
September 2011). Combined use of GOSAT and TES data will enable us to separate
boundary layer and free tropospheric contributions to the methane column through the
inversion. The satellite data will be ingested in the 4D-var inverse model while the
suborbital data will be used for independent analysis of the optimized methane fluxes.
We will conduct a targeted analysis of the CalNex period to constrain methane sources in
California by applying both Lagrangian (STILT) and Eulerian (GEOS-Chem) inverse
modeling approaches to the aircraft and satellite data, testing the effect of different
meteorological data sets and of different a priori constraints. This analysis will provide a
unique opportunity to assess inverse modeling uncertainties related to resolution, data
type (satellite or aircraft), meteorological model, and inversion procedure. We will use
results from our continental-scale inversion of methane fluxes to better understand and
quantify the major sources contributing to methane emissions in North America, and to
provide guidance to the US EPA for improving its national emission inventories. The
inverse modeling capability for methane will be implemented into the existing CMS Flux
Pilot Project at JPL for consistent inversion of CO2 and methane fluxes over North
America using the same 4D-var system. This will provide a powerful facility to monitor
the fluxes of the two most important anthropogenic greenhouse gases. Our work will be
directly responsive to major climate policy initiatives in the US targeting methane
emissions including the Global Climate Change and Clean Air Initiative of the US State
Department and the Global Methane Initiative of the U.S. EPA. P.I. Daniel Jacob and CoI Steve Wofsy will join the CMS Science Team as part of this project.
Contact Support to request an email list of project participants.
Project URL(s):
None provided.
Data Products:
Product Title: CMS (Carbon Monitoring System) Methane (CH4) Flux for North America 0.5 degree x 0.667 degree V1 (CMS_CH4_FLX_NA) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2010End Date: 01/2012 (2010-2012)
Description: An error was found in this product; therefore, it has been deleted. Please use the CMS Methane (CH4) Flux for North America Daily product (CMS_CH4_FLX_NAD) in its place.
The CMS Methane (CH4) Flux for North America data set contains estimates of methane emission in North America based on an inversion of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model constrained by Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) observations . The nested approach of the inversion enables large point sources to be resolved while aggregating regions with weak emissions and minimizing aggregation errors. The emission sources are separated into 9 different sectors as follows: Total, Wetlands, Livestock, Oil/Gas, Waste (Landfills wastewater), Coal, Rice, Open Fires, and Other. More details about the algorithm and error characterization can be found in (Turner, Jacob, Wecht, et al. 2015).
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Input Data Products: GOSAT, TES, CalNex, HIPPO, NOAA/CCGG, TCCON
Algorithm/Models Used: GEOS-Chem
Evaluation: surface and aircraft sampling networks, TCCON
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps: SCIAMACHY
Uncertainty Estimates: Formal uncertainty analysis from ensemble 4-D Var approach, evaluating with suborbital data sets
Uncertainty Categories: ensemble
Application Areas: - Fire management; - Air quality protection; - GHG emissions inventory; - Land management
Relevant Policies/Programs: Global Climate Change and Clean Air Initiative of the US State Department, Global Methane Initiative of the US EPA, CAA, NGHGI, President Obama's Climate Action Plan (CAP), NALS
Potential Users: Air quality agencies at both state and national levels (e.g. EPA, Iowa Department of Natural Resources), industry groups (e.g. American Petroleum Institute), US State Department
Stakeholders:
Current Application Readiness Level: 5
Start Application Readiness Level: 1
Target Application Readiness Level: 9
Future Developments: - Hold routine meetings with the NASA Air Quality Applied Sciences team: next meeting in June at Harvard University.; - Hold routine webinars with air quality agencies: most recent one with American Petroleum Institute, next one .; - Plan for next project
Limitations: Not provided
Date When Product Available: October 2016
Assigned Data Center: GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
DOI:10.5067/RF3R3G9I3UVX
Data Server URL(s):
DOI:10.5067/RF3R3G9I3UVX
Archived Data Citation: Daniel Jacob (2016), Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) Methane (CH4) Flux for North America 0.5 degree x 0.667 degree V1, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed [Data Access Date] DOI: 10.5067/RF3R3G9I3UVX
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-140.00000
East Longitude:
-40.00000
North Latitude:
70.00000
South Latitude:
10.00000
Product Title: Methane (CH4) Flux for North America L4 Daily V1 (CMS_CH4_FLX_NAD) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2010End Date: 12/2011 (2010-2011)
Description: The CMS Methane (CH4) Flux for North America data set contains estimates of methane emission in North America based on an inversion of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model constrained by Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) observations. The nested approach of the inversion enables large point sources to be resolved while aggregating regions with weak emissions and minimizing aggregation errors. The emission sources are separated into 12 different sectors as follows: Total, Oil/Gas, Coal, Cows, Waste (Landfills+ Wastewater), Biofuel, Rice, Other Anthropogenic, Biomass Burning, Wetlands, Soil Absorption, Other Natural. More details about the algorithm and error characterization can be found in Turner, Jacob, Wecht, et al. 2015.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords: methane
Spatial Extent: CONUS
Spatial Resolution: 0.5 x 0.667 degrees
Temporal Frequency: daily
Input Data Products: GOSAT, TES, CalNex, HIPPO, NOAA/CCGG, TCCON
Algorithm/Models Used: GEOS-Chem
Evaluation: surface and aircraft sampling networks, TCCON
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps: SCIAMACHY
Uncertainty Estimates: Formal uncertainty analysis from ensemble 4-D Var approach, evaluating with suborbital data sets
Uncertainty Categories: ensemble
Application Areas: - Fire management; - Air quality protection; - GHG emissions inventory; - Land management
Relevant Policies/Programs: Global Climate Change and Clean Air Initiative of the US State Department, Global Methane Initiative of the US EPA, CAA, NGHGI, President Obama's Climate Action Plan (CAP), NALS
Potential Users: Air quality agencies at both state and national levels (e.g. EPA, Iowa Department of Natural Resources), industry groups (e.g. American Petroleum Institute), US State Department
Archived Data Citation: Alex Turner & Daniel Jacob(2018), Methane (CH4) Flux for North America L4 Daily V1, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed [Data Access Date] 10.5067/GLUV19BRB081
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-140.00000
East Longitude:
-40.00000
North Latitude:
70.00000
South Latitude:
10.00000
Publications:
Barrera, Y. D., Nehrkorn, T., Hegarty, J., Sargent, M., Benmergui, J., Gottlieb, E., Wofsy, S. C., DeCola, P., Hutyra, L., Jones, T. 2019. Using Lidar Technology To Assess Urban Air Pollution and Improve Estimates of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Boston. Environmental Science & Technology. 53(15), 8957-8966. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00650
Wecht, K. J., Jacob, D. J., Sulprizio, M. P., Santoni, G. W., Wofsy, S. C., Parker, R., Bosch, H., Worden, J. 2014. Spatially resolving methane emissions in California: constraints from the CalNex aircraft campaign and from present (GOSAT, TES) and future (TROPOMI, geostationary) satellite observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 14(15), 8173-8184. DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-8173-2014
Wecht, K. J., Jacob, D. J., Frankenberg, C., Jiang, Z., Blake, D. R. 2014. Mapping of North American methane emissions with high spatial resolution by inversion of SCIAMACHY satellite data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 119(12), 7741-7756. DOI: 10.1002/2014JD021551
Archived Data Citations:
Daniel Jacob (2016), Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) Methane (CH4) Flux for North America 0.5 degree x 0.667 degree V1, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed [Data Access Date] DOI: 10.5067/RF3R3G9I3UVX
Alex Turner & Daniel Jacob(2018), Methane (CH4) Flux for North America L4 Daily V1, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed [Data Access Date] 10.5067/GLUV19BRB081