This proposal addresses the Studies to improve the characterization and quantification of errors and uncertainties in existing and/or proposed NASA CMS products, including errors and uncertainties in the algorithms, models, and associated methodologies utilized in creating them; component of CMS call for proposals. Our team was originally funded in Phase I of the CMS project to provide land surface carbon fluxes (NPP/GPP, RH/RE, Fire from CASA-GFED3) for the period 2009-2010. We produced these products, evaluated them against other models and contributed to the interpretation of modeled atmospheric CO2 distributions produced by GSFC's GEOS-5 transport model and the source/sink distributions produced by JPL's atmospheric inverse model. Our data products are available on the CMS website. For Phase II, we did not seek funding support but contributed to the Pawson and Bowman projects as collaborators providing fluxes for 2011 and further evaluation of those. Our data products are well suited for use by other CMS projects because they are highly constrained by satellite observations and have a long history of evaluation by the atmospheric CO2 modeling community. There is the need for continued updates of these key land data products and for estimates of uncertainties, which were not previously supplied.
For this proposed work we plan to produce land carbon fluxes for 2012 from CASA-GFED3 by the end of this calendar year. In subsequent years of the proposal we will introduce the new updated version of the model (CASA-GFED4) with improved physiological and fire parameterizations, improved burned area estimates including representation of smaller fires, and finer spatial resolution (1/4 degree) extending the time series into the future with a latency of ~5 months. We have begun preliminary uncertainty analyses of the CASA-GFED3 fluxes by first testing the sensitivity of the modeled fluxes to characteristic model parameters. From the sensitivity analyses we are selecting a number of key parameters and using published and expert opinion estimates of uncertainties in these parameters to estimate flux uncertainties using a Monte Carlo method. We will estimate uncertainties in the individual fluxes (NPP, RH, fires, NBP, GPP, RE) at monthly time steps for the entire period of the data set. The CMS atmospheric modeling groups for their estimates of overall uncertainties in surface carbon sources and sinks critically need quantified flux uncertainties. Our simulations also produce global biomass estimates at the model's native resolution with uncertainties. We plan to evaluate these estimates against others including the CMS Biomass products.
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Project URL(s):
None provided.
Data Products:
Product Title: CMS: Forest Biomass and Productivity, 1-degree and 5-km, Conterminous US, 2005
Start Date: 01/2005End Date: 12/2005 (2005)
Description: Notice: This data set and guide were updated on June 30, 2014 to correct an error in the reported units. The data values were not changed.Spatially-gridded estimates of above ground biomass (AGB), net primary productivity (NPP), and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) are provided for forested areas of the conterminous United States (CONUS). Estimates of uncertainty are also provided for AGB and NEP. These data were derived by using Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to constrain forest growth rates in a Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) carbon-cycle process model. Note that the data set does not include data for forests in the Northern Prairie States region (NPS; see Figure 3). These data provide a detailed estimate of carbon sources and sinks from recent forest disturbance and recovery across regions and forest types of the US.The data are presented as a series of ten NetCDF v4 (.nc4) files at two spatial scales (1-degree and 5-km spatial resolution) for the nominal year of 2005.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land Biomass
Keywords: Carbon Stocks (; terrestrial)
Spatial Extent: CONUS
Spatial Resolution: Grid cells at either 1 degree (approx. 111 km x 111 km at Equator) or 5-km resolution
Temporal Frequency: Annual (assumed to represent the midpoint of the year).
Input Data Products: FIA forest age, type, and biomass data
Algorithm/Models Used: CASA-GFED3
Evaluation: The authors found that absolute uncertainty surrounding NEP tends to peak when forest uptake is maximum and then diminishes with forest age (see Williams et al. 2012, Figure 3). The timing of NEP crossover from source to sink is surprisingly insensitive to variability in biomass accumulation, and generally occurs at ages <20 years.
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:
Uncertainty Estimates: The authors conducted a formal analysis of uncertainty following methods described in the IPCC Good Practice Guide (see Williams et al. 2012, Text S1). Uncertainty in the data set derives from multiple factors, including, but not limited to: sampling errors for forested area and total aboveground biomass, conversion of tree volume to carbon, and the parameterization of light, moisture, and temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration and/or NPP as expressed in the CASA model. Spatially-gridded estimates of standard error for AGB and NEP, at both 1 degree and 5 km spatial resolution, are provided as part of the data set.
Uncertainty Categories:
Application Areas: - Global carbon budget calculations; - Fire management; - Land management; -Forest inventory
Relevant Policies/Programs: NGHGI, FIA, REDD+, NACP, SilvaCarbon, National Climate Assessments
Potential Users: carbon accounting users
Stakeholders:
Current Application Readiness Level: 3
Start Application Readiness Level: 1
Target Application Readiness Level: 3
Future Developments: See Williams-C-01 CMS project.
Limitations: Note that the data set does not include data for forests in the Northern Prairie States region.
Archived Data Citation: Collatz, G.J., C. Williams, B. Ghimire, S. Goward, and J. Masek. 2014. CMS: Forest Biomass and Productivity, 1-degree and 5-km, Conterminous US, 2005. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1221
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-129.00000
East Longitude:
-65.00000
North Latitude:
52.00000
South Latitude:
21.00000
Product Title: GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree V2 (GEOS_CASAGFED_3H_NEE) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2003End Date: 12/2016 (2003-2016)
Description: This product provides 3 hourly average net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) of Carbon derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA- GFED3) model.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:
Spatial Extent: Global
Spatial Resolution: 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree
Temporal Frequency: 3- hourly
Input Data Products:
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Date When Product Available:
Assigned Data Center: GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40
Archived Data Citation: Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-180.00000
East Longitude:
180.00000
North Latitude:
90.00000
South Latitude:
-90.00000
Product Title: GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree V3 (GEOS_CASAGFED_3H_NEE) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2003End Date: 12/2017 (2003-2017)
Description: This product provides 3 hourly average net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) of Carbon derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA- GFED3) model.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:
Spatial Extent: Global
Spatial Resolution: 0.5 degrees x 0.625 degrees
Temporal Frequency: 3-hourly
Input Data Products:
Algorithm/Models Used:
Evaluation:
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Current Application Readiness Level:
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Future Developments:
Limitations:
Date When Product Available:
Assigned Data Center: GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/VQPRALE26L20
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/VQPRALE26L20
Archived Data Citation: Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/VQPRALE26L20
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-180.00000
East Longitude:
180.00000
North Latitude:
90.00000
South Latitude:
-90.00000
Product Title: GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V2 (GEOS_CASAGFED_D_FIRE) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2003End Date: 12/2016 (2003-2016)
Description: This product provides Daily average wildfire emissions (FIRE) and fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA- GFED3) model.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:
Spatial Extent: global
Spatial Resolution: 0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency: daily
Input Data Products:
Algorithm/Models Used:
Evaluation:
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Current Application Readiness Level:
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Date When Product Available:
Assigned Data Center: GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU
Archived Data Citation: Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-180.00000
East Longitude:
180.00000
North Latitude:
90.00000
South Latitude:
-90.00000
Product Title: GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V3 (GEOS_CASAGFED_D_FIRE) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2003End Date: 12/2017 (2003-2017)
Description: This product provides Daily average wildfire emissions (FIRE) and fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA- GFED3) model.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:
Spatial Extent: global
Spatial Resolution: 0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency: Daily
Input Data Products:
Algorithm/Models Used:
Evaluation:
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:
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Current Application Readiness Level:
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Date When Product Available:
Assigned Data Center: GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD
Archived Data Citation: Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-180.00000
East Longitude:
180.00000
North Latitude:
90.00000
South Latitude:
-90.00000
Product Title: GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V2 (GEOS_CASAGFED_M_FLUX) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2003End Date: 12/2016 (2003-2016)
Description: This product provides Monthly average Net Primary Production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), wildfire emissions (FIRE), and fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA- GFED3) model.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:
Spatial Extent: Global
Spatial Resolution: 0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency: monthly
Input Data Products:
Algorithm/Models Used:
Evaluation:
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:
Uncertainty Estimates:
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Relevant Policies/Programs:
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Current Application Readiness Level:
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Target Application Readiness Level:
Future Developments:
Limitations:
Date When Product Available:
Assigned Data Center: GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U
Archived Data Citation: Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-180.00000
East Longitude:
180.00000
North Latitude:
90.00000
South Latitude:
-90.00000
Product Title: GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V3 (GEOS_CASAGFED_M_FLUX) at GES DISC
Start Date: 01/2003End Date: 12/2017 (2003-2017)
Description: This product provides Monthly average Net Primary Production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), wildfire emissions (FIRE), and fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA- GFED3) model.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status: Archived
CMS Science Theme(s): Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:
Spatial Extent: Global
Spatial Resolution: 0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency: Monthly
Input Data Products:
Algorithm/Models Used:
Evaluation:
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:
Uncertainty Estimates:
Uncertainty Categories:
Application Areas:
Relevant Policies/Programs:
Potential Users:
Stakeholders:
Current Application Readiness Level:
Start Application Readiness Level:
Target Application Readiness Level:
Future Developments:
Limitations:
Date When Product Available:
Assigned Data Center: GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/03147VMJE8J9
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/03147VMJE8J9
Archived Data Citation: Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/03147VMJE8J9
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:
-180.00000
East Longitude:
180.00000
North Latitude:
90.00000
South Latitude:
-90.00000
Publications:
Wang, J. S., Kawa, S. R., Collatz, G. J., Sasakawa, M., Gatti, L. V., Machida, T., Liu, Y., Manyin, M. E. 2018. A global synthesis inversion analysis of recent variability in CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes using GOSAT and in situ observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 18(15), 11097-11124. DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-11097-2018
Liu, J., Bowman, K. W., Lee, M., Henze, D. K., Bousserez, N., Brix, H., James Collatz, G., Menemenlis, D., Ott, L., Pawson, S., Jones, D., Nassar, R. 2014. Carbon monitoring system flux estimation and attribution: impact of ACOS-GOSAT XCO2 sampling on the inference of terrestrial biospheric sources and sinks. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology. 66(1), 22486. DOI: 10.3402/tellusb.v66.22486
Archived Data Citations:
Collatz, G.J., C. Williams, B. Ghimire, S. Goward, and J. Masek. 2014. CMS: Forest Biomass and Productivity, 1-degree and 5-km, Conterminous US, 2005. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1221
Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40
Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/VQPRALE26L20
Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU
Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD
Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U
Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/03147VMJE8J9
2015 NASA Carbon Cycle & Ecosystems Joint Science Workshop Poster(s)
Agricultural Green Revolution as a driver of increasing atmospheric CO2 seasonal amplitude
-- (Ning Zeng, Fang Zhao, George James Collatz, Eugenia Kalnay, Ross Salawitch, Tristram O. West, Guanter Luiz, Ghassem Asrar)
[abstract]