CMS 2019 Projects (NRA 2018)


 

Andrews (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Regional Inverse Modeling in North and South America for the NASA Carbon Monitoring System--Follow-on

Science Team
Members:

Arlyn Andrews, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (Project Lead)
Lei Hu, NOAA / CIRES
Anna Michalak, Carnegie Institution for Science
John Miller, NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Andrews (CMS 2014)  
Successor Projects: Feng (CMS 2020)  
Abstract: We propose to extend our regional modeling for the Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) to estimate North American CO2 fluxes through mid-2018 in order to take advantage of new datasets with a focus on improving uncertainty quantification. CarbonTracker- Lagrange (CT-Lagrange) is a high-resolution regional inverse modeling framework used to quantify CO2 fluxes on regional-to-continental scales that was originally developed to analyze in situ measurements from the North American Carbon Program. Under previous CMS-funded efforts we have added footprints (surface influence functions) for NASA remote sensing datasets including ACOS-GOSAT, TCCON, and OCO-2, and we have developed strategies to investigate consistency among in situ and remote sensing datasets and for combining in situ and remote sensing data for flux estimation. Footprints (surface influence functions) for over 5 million ground-based, airborne, and satellite measurements have been computed and made freely available to the research community. Here we propose to: (1) estimate North American fluxes using the first few years of OCO-2 data by extending the CT-Lagrange footprint library, (2) investigate errors in estimated fluxes, with particular attention to errors in simulated atmospheric transport by leveraging independent data and modeling activities from the NASA Atmospheric Carbon and Transport – America (ACT-America) and (3) conduct a set of continental- scale Observation System Simulation Experiments in preparation for analysis of data from the newly announced Geostationary Carbon Cycle Observatory (GeoCarb) mission. Our project will make extensive use of NASA assets, including OCO-2 and TCCON XCO¬2, and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence retrievals from OCO-2 and ESA’s GOME-2. We will also use and evaluate NASA model products (e.g., MERRA transport fields and CMS flux products), thus strengthening links between CMS and NOAA’s CarbonTracker effort and supporting the development of an integrated Carbon Monitoring System. The proposed work will further develop strategies for incorporating diverse CO2 observations into CMS flux products and for quantifying fluxes and their uncertainties at scales relevant for understanding carbon cycle processes and for Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV).
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Atmospheric Transport
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
  • MRV

Participants:

Arlyn Andrews, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
Sean Crowell, LumenUs Scientific, LLC
Kenneth (Ken) Davis, The Pennsylvania State University
Lei Hu, NOAA / CIRES
S M Nazrul (Nazrul) Islam, NOAA / CIRES
Aleya Kaushik, NOAA GML/CU CIRES
Thomas Lauvaux, LSCE
Anna Michalak, Carnegie Institution for Science
John Miller, NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
Marikate Mountain, Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc. (AER)
Thomas Nehrkorn, AER, Inc
Christopher (Chris) O'Dell, Colorado State University
Colm Sweeney, NOAA GML

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  CO2 Flux Estimates 2016 - May 2018
Time Period:  2016 - May 2018
Description:  
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux; MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  North and South Americas
Spatial Resolution:  1° latitude x 1° longitude
Temporal Frequency:  3-hourly (will be aggregated to coarser resolution for reporting)
Input Data Products:  TCCON, OCO-2 XCO2, chlorophyll fluorescence observations, and NASA remote sensing data products on land cover and vegetation, ACOS/GOSAT, NOAA surface and aircraft observations, Environment Canada surface CO2, Earth Networks CO2, Penn State / Ameriflux CO2, NCAR RACCOON CO2, IPEN (Brazil) in situ CO2
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS transport fields, STILT-WRF, STILT-BRAMS, HYSPLIT-HRRR, Geostatistical Inverse Modeling (GIM), Bayesian Inverse Modeling, NOAA CarbonTracker
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Formal grid-scale uncertainty estimates from inversion and across a suite of inversions using different priors, data-weighing and assumptions
Uncertainty Categories:  All: ensemble, deterministic, model-data comparison, model-model comparison, data-data comparison
Application Areas:  MRV, REDD+; GHG emissions inventory; Cap-and-trade program; Land management
Relevant Policies/Programs:  US National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) baseline reporting to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Clean Air Act (CAA), U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program (USCCSP), North American Carbon Program (NACP), North American Leaders' Declaration on Climate Change and Clean Energy (NALS)
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Collaborate with CMS flux team
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Measurement Sampling Footprints: 2016 - May 2018
Description:  
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux; MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  North and South America
Spatial Resolution:  1° latitude x 1° longitude; 0.1° latitude x 0.1° longitude for subdomain centered on measurement location
Temporal Frequency:  Hourly
Input Data Products:  TCCON, OCO-2 XCO2, ACOS/GOSAT, NOAA surface and aircraft observations, Environment Canada surface CO2, Earth Networks CO2, Penn State / Ameriflux CO2, NCAR RACCOON CO2, IPEN (Brazil) in situ CO2
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS transport fields, STILT-WRF, STILT-BRAMS, HYSPLIT-HRRR, Geostatistical Inverse Modeling (GIM), Bayesian Inverse Modeling, NOAA CarbonTracker
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  NOAA CarbonTracker
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison of Footprints from multiple transport models, comparison of simulated CO2 between WRF-STILT and with CMS Global Flux project Mole fraction fields (Bowman-02, Ott-01) forced by same fluxes
Uncertainty Categories:  All: ensemble, deterministic, model-data comparison, model-model comparison, data-data comparison
Application Areas:  MRV, REDD+; GHG emissions inventory; Cap-and-trade program; Land management
Relevant Policies/Programs:  US National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) baseline reporting to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Clean Air Act (CAA), U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program (USCCSP), North American Carbon Program (NACP), North American Leaders' Declaration on Climate Change and Clean Energy (NALS)
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Collaborate with CMS flux teams
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  WRF-Chem fields corresponding to ACT America deployments
Description:  
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux; MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  North America
Spatial Resolution:  10km over CONUS and 30 km over the rest of North America
Temporal Frequency:  Four discrete time periods spanning 4-6 weeks each and corresponding to the ACT-America deployments (1:4)
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  2
Start Application Readiness Level:  2
Target Application Readiness Level:  4
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America GOSAT Vertical Profile of Footprints V1 (CMS_CTL_NA_GOSAT_FOOTPRINTS)
Start Date:  06/2009      End Date:  12/2010     (2009-06-21 to 2010-12-31)
Description:  This data set provides Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) particle trajectory data products for particle receptors co-located with atmospheric column observations from the GOSAT satellite. Meteorological fields from the WRF model are used to drive STILT. STILT applies a Lagrangian particle dispersion model backwards in time from a measurement location (the "receptor" location), to create the adjoint of the transport model in the form of a "footprint" field. The footprint, with units of mixing ratio per surface flux, quantifies the influence of upwind surface fluxes on greenhouse gas concentrations measured at the receptor and is computed by counting the number of particles in a surface-influenced volume and the time spent in that volume. For each column observation location, the receptors are located at 23 discrete vertical levels throughout the atmospheric column. The CMS program is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System uses NASA observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS data products are designed to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  North America
Spatial Resolution:  1 ° x 1 °
Temporal Frequency:  1 hour
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_NA_GOSAT_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Data Server URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_NA_GOSAT_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Archived Data Citation:  Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America GOSAT Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/3341FLTH3CBP

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-169.50000 East Longitude:-50.50000
North Latitude:79.50000 South Latitude:10.50000

Product Title:  CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America OCO-2 Vertical Profile of Footprints V1 (CMS_CTL_NA_OCO2_FOOTPRINTS)
Start Date:  08/2014      End Date:  01/2016     (2014-08-27 to 2016-01-31)
Description:  This data set provides Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) particle trajectory data products for particle receptors co-located with atmospheric column observations from the OCO-2 satellite. Meteorological fields from the WRF model are used to drive STILT. STILT applies a Lagrangian particle dispersion model backwards in time from a measurement location (the "receptor" location), to create the adjoint of the transport model in the form of a "footprint" field. The footprint, with units of mixing ratio per surface flux, quantifies the influence of upwind surface fluxes on greenhouse gas concentrations measured at the receptor and is computed by counting the number of particles in a surface-influenced volume and the time spent in that volume. For each column observation location, the receptors are located at 14 discrete vertical levels throughout the atmospheric column. The CMS program is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System uses NASA observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS data products are designed to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  North America
Spatial Resolution:  1 ° x 1 °
Temporal Frequency:  1 hour
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_NA_OCO2_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Data Server URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_NA_OCO2_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Archived Data Citation:  Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America OCO-2 Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/LBWCS6CTHX9D

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-179.50000 East Longitude:-0.50000
North Latitude:79.50000 South Latitude:-10.50000

Product Title:  CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America TCCON Vertical Profile of Footprints V1 (CMS_CTL_NA_TCCON_FOOTPRINTS)
Start Date:  12/2006      End Date:  08/2016     (2006-12-22 to 2016-08-31)
Description:  This data set provides Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) particle trajectory data products for particle receptors co-located with atmospheric column observations from the TCCON ground network. Meteorological fields from the WRF model are used to drive STILT. STILT applies a Lagrangian particle dispersion model backwards in time from a measurement location (the "receptor" location), to create the adjoint of the transport model in the form of a "footprint" field. The footprint, with units of mixing ratio per surface flux, quantifies the influence of upwind surface fluxes on greenhouse gas concentrations measured at the receptor and is computed by counting the number of particles in a surface-influenced volume and the time spent in that volume. For each column observation location, the receptors are located at 23 discrete vertical levels throughout the atmospheric column. The CMS program is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System uses NASA observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS data products are designed to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  North America
Spatial Resolution:  1 ° x 1 °
Temporal Frequency:  1 hour
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_NA_TCCON_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Data Server URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_NA_TCCON_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Archived Data Citation:  Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America TCCON Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/EQMKOJJ9L16B

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-169.50000 East Longitude:-50.50000
North Latitude:79.50000 South Latitude:10.50000

Product Title:  CarbonTracker-Lagrange South America OCO-2 Vertical Profile of Footprints V1 (CMS_CTL_SA_OCO2_FOOTPRINTS)
Start Date:  08/2015      End Date:  05/2016     (2015-08-22 to 2016-05-31)
Description:  This data set provides Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) particle trajectory data products for particle receptors co-located with atmospheric column observations from the OCO-2 satellite. Meteorological fields from the WRF model are used to drive STILT. STILT applies a Lagrangian particle dispersion model backwards in time from a measurement location (the "receptor" location), to create the adjoint of the transport model in the form of a "footprint" field. The footprint, with units of mixing ratio per surface flux, quantifies the influence of upwind surface fluxes on greenhouse gas concentrations measured at the receptor and is computed by counting the number of particles in a surface-influenced volume and the time spent in that volume. For each column observation location, the receptors are located at 14 discrete vertical levels throughout the atmospheric column. The CMS program is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System uses NASA observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS data products are designed to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  South America
Spatial Resolution:  1 ° x 1 °
Temporal Frequency:  1 hour
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_SA_OCO2_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Data Server URL(s):

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/CMS_CTL_SA_OCO2_FOOTPRINTS_1/summary?keywords=cms
Archived Data Citation:  Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange South America OCO-2 Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/SUUR6I3N1PME

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-84.50000 East Longitude:-15.50000
North Latitude:14.50000 South Latitude:-54.50000

 
Publications: Foster, K. T., Sun, W., Shiga, Y. P., Mao, J., Michalak, A. M. 2024. Multiscale assessment of North American terrestrial carbon balance. Biogeosciences. 21(3), 869-891. DOI: 10.5194/bg-21-869-2024

Hu, L., Andrews, A. E., Thoning, K. W., Sweeney, C., Miller, J. B., Michalak, A. M., Dlugokencky, E., Tans, P. P., Shiga, Y. P., Mountain, M., Nehrkorn, T., Montzka, S. A., McKain, K., Kofler, J., Trudeau, M., Michel, S. E., Biraud, S. C., Fischer, M. L., Worthy, D. E. J., Vaughn, B. H., White, J. W. C., Yadav, V., Basu, S., van der Velde, I. R. 2019. Enhanced North American carbon uptake associated with El Nino. Science Advances. 5(6). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw0076

Miller, S. M., Michalak, A. M. 2020. The impact of improved satellite retrievals on estimates of biospheric carbon balance. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 20(1), 323-331. DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-323-2020

Sun, W., Luo, X., Fang, Y., Shiga, Y. P., Zhang, Y., Fisher, J. B., Keenan, T. F., Michalak, A. M. 2023. Biome-scale temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration revealed by atmospheric CO2 observations. Nature Ecology & Evolution. DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02093-x

Archived Data Citations: Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America TCCON Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/EQMKOJJ9L16B

Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America OCO-2 Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/LBWCS6CTHX9D

Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange South America OCO-2 Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/SUUR6I3N1PME

Andrews, Arlyn; Trudeau, Michael; Mountain, Marikate (2022), CarbonTracker-Lagrange North America GOSAT Vertical Profile of Footprints, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/3341FLTH3CBP


 

Bowman (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:A decadal carbon reanalysis from the NASA Carbon Monitoring System Flux (CMS-Flux) project

Science Team
Members:

Kevin Bowman, JPL (Project Lead)
Alexis (Anthony) Bloom, Jet Propulsion Lab, California Institute of Technology
Meemong Lee, JPL
Junjie Liu, JPL
Dimitris Menemenlis, Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Bowman (CMS 2014)  
Successor Projects: Bowman (CMS 2022)  
Abstract: Dramatic increases in atmospheric CO2 from preindustrial to present day are the primary driver of climate change. The spatial origin of the CO2 growth rate and its variability is a complex function of anthropogenic, terrestrial, and oceanic processes. While well constrained at global scales, the tilt of anthropogenic emissions towards developing countries has increased regional uncertainty at levels that rival natural variability. Patterns of climate variability, including the 2010 and 2015 El Ninos, directly affect the airborne fraction through spatially complex land carbon processes such as fires, gross primary productivity (GPP), and respiration while modulating atmosphere-ocean pCO2 exchange across entire ocean basins. Changes in the frequency and intensity of climate anomalies may alter the trajectory of carbon storage and fluxes leading to carbon-climate feedbacks. The combination of regional emissions and natural fluxes complicates the attribution of expected changes in atmospheric CO2 to carbon mitigation strategies such as those proposed by Paris Climate Accord. In order to improve this attribution, we propose a decadal carbon reanalysis from 2010- 2019 that will build upon, extend, and improve products developed under the NASA CMS-Flux, which was initiated during the first phase of the CMS pilot studies. These products will include observationally-constrained and spatially-explicit bottom-up' estimates of anthropogenic, oceanic, and terrestrial carbon fluxes and uncertainties, which are a continuation of anthropogenic emissions from the Fossil Fuel Assimilation System (FFDAS) and assimilated oceanic pCO2 fluxes from ECCO-Darwin. The terrestrial ecosystem fluxes will be derived from the C data model framework (CARDAMOM) assimilation system, which will ingest satellite-constrained biomass and productivity measures including solar induced fluorescence from GOSAT and OCO-2. Atmospheric observations of CO2 from GOSAT and OCO-2 along with CO from MOPITT will be assimilated into the CMS-Flux framework to produce spatially-resolved 'top-down' estimates of total and fire fluxes, respectively. To achieve decadal scale fluxes, we will link two state-of-the-art data assimilation approaches: ensemble Kalman filtering and 4D-variational methodologies. In order to provide improvements in the characterization of CMS-Flux products and uncertainties, an innovative optimal reduced flux basis technique will be used to calculate critical diagnostics such as degrees of freedom and posterior uncertainty correlations. Inferred fluxes will be evaluated against atmospheric observations based upon a new method introduced in Liu et al 2016 that attributes model-data concentration differences to regional fluxes. Bottom-up estimates will be evaluated against independent data where available such as FLUXCOM. Taken together, the proposed extension of CMS-Flux will be one of the most advanced carbon cycle data assimilation systems available covering a decade that includes the 2nd largest El Nino on record, the 5 highest global temperatures since the 19th century, and a global agreement to curb carbon emissions. Products from CMS-Flux will fill an important need of the carbon community to relate changes in atmospheric CO2 growth rate to regional anthropogenic, land, and oceanic drivers. These in turn provide the broad carbon context to understand the efficacy of carbon mitigation strategies.
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
  • Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux

Participants:

Alexis (Anthony) Bloom, Jet Propulsion Lab, California Institute of Technology
Nicolas Bousserez, University of Colorado
Kevin Bowman, JPL
Dustin Carroll, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San José State University
Bart Croes, California Energy Commission / California Air Resources Board (retired) / CIRES at University of Colorado-Boulder
Michelle Gierach, JPL
Kevin Gurney, Northern Arizona University
Meemong Lee, JPL
Junjie Liu, JPL
Rohit Mathur, U.S. EPA
Dimitris Menemenlis, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Kazuyuki Miyazaki, JPL
Nicholas (Nick) Parazoo, JPL
Sassan Saatchi, Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech
David (Dave) Schimel, JPL
Matthew Thill, JPL

Project URL(s): https://cmsflux.jpl.nasa.gov/
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Net Biome Exchange, Fires, Ocean Fluxes, Fossil Fuel, Miscellaneous (bunker, aircraft)
Start Date:  01/2010      End Date:  12/2016     (2010-2016)
Description:  
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Flux/Movement ( anthropogenic; terrestrial; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  4 x 5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  Monthly
Input Data Products:  GEOS met fields, GOSAT XCO2, OCO-2 XCO2, MOPITT CO
Algorithm/Models Used:  4D-variational assimilation
Evaluation:  Independent NOAA aircraft
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  Independent evaluation of fluxes against NOAA aircraft.
Uncertainty Estimates:  Monte carlo approach following Liu et al, 2014
Uncertainty Categories:  Ensemble approach
Application Areas:  GHG emissions, Global Stocktake
Relevant Policies/Programs:  US National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) baseline reporting to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program (USCCSP), UN Global Stocktake, WMO IG3IS
Potential Users:  Independent evaluation of global stocktake. Scientists understanding carbon mitigation in the context of the full global carbon cycle.
Stakeholders:  Bart Croes
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  Extension to longer time periods, high resolution fluxes
Limitations:  Results dependent on atmospheric transport and unbiased data.
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Prior and posterior net ocean and land CO2 exchanges, and fossil fuel emissions.
Start Date:  01/2010      End Date:  12/2018     (2010-2018)
Description:  he net biosphere exchange (NBE), which is the net carbon flux of all the land–atmosphere exchange processes except fossil fuel emissions, is far more variable and has far more uncertainty than ocean fluxes (Lovenduski and Bonan, 2017) or fossil fuel emissions (Yin et al., 2019) and is thus the focus of this dataset estimated from a top-down atmospheric CO2 inversion of satellite column CO2 dry-air mole fraction (XCO2). Here, we present the global and regional NBE as a series of maps, time series, and tables and disseminate it as a public
dataset for further analysis and comparison to other sources of flux information. The gridded NBE dataset and its uncertainty, air–sea fluxes, and fossil fuel emissions are also available so that users can calculate the carbon budget from a regional to global scale. Finally, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of both mean and uncertainty estimates against the CO2 observations from independent airborne datasets and the NOAA marine boundary layer (MBL) reference sites (Conway et al., 1994). We used the NASA Carbon Monitoring System Flux (CMS-Flux) inversion framework (Liu et al., 2014, 2017, 2018; Bowman et
al., 2017) to generate an NBE product – Carbon Monitoring System Flux Net Biosphere Exchange 2020 (CMSFlux NBE 2020) – by assimilating both GOSAT and OCO2 from 2010–2018. The dataset is the longest satellite constrained NBE product so far.

The regional aggregated fluxes are provided as csv files with file size ∼ 10 MB, and the gridded data are provided in NetCDF format with file size ∼ 1.4 GB. The full ensemble of posterior fluxes used to estimate posterior flux uncertainties is provided in NetCDF format with file size ∼ 30 MB.
Status:  Public
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  flux
Spatial Extent:  Global and regional
Spatial Resolution:  multiple resolutions reported
Temporal Frequency:  annual and seasonal
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  NASA JPL
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.25966/4V02-C391
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.25966/4V02-C391
Archived Data Citation:  Liu, J., Baskarran, L., Bowman, K., Schimel, D., Bloom, A. A.,

Parazoo, N., Oda, T., Carrol, D., Menemenlis, D., Joiner, J.,

Commane, R., Daube, B., Gatti, L. V., McKain, K., Miller, J.,

Stephens, B. B., Sweeney, C., and Wofsy, S.: CMS-Flux NBE

2020 [Data set], NASA, DOI: 10.25966/4V02-C391

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

 
Publications: Barkhordarian, A., Bowman, K. W., Cressie, N., Jewell, J., Liu, J. 2021. Emergent constraints on tropical atmospheric aridity--carbon feedbacks and the future of carbon sequestration. Environmental Research Letters. 16(11), 114008. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac2ce8

Bloom, A. A., Bowman, K. W., Liu, J., Konings, A. G., Worden, J. R., Parazoo, N. C., Meyer, V., Reager, J. T., Worden, H. M., Jiang, Z., Quetin, G. R., Smallman, T. L., Exbrayat, J., Yin, Y., Saatchi, S. S., Williams, M., Schimel, D. S. 2020. Lagged effects regulate the inter-annual variability of the tropical carbon balance. Biogeosciences. 17(24), 6393-6422. DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-6393-2020

Butler, M. P., Lauvaux, T., Feng, S., Liu, J., Bowman, K. W., Davis, K. J. 2020. Atmospheric Simulations of Total Column CO2 Mole Fractions from Global to Mesoscale within the Carbon Monitoring System Flux Inversion Framework. Atmosphere. 11(8), 787. DOI: 10.3390/atmos11080787

Byrne B, Liu J, Lee M, Baker I, Bowman K W, Deutscher N M, Feist D G, Griffith D W T, Iraci L T, Kiel M, Kimball J S, Miller C E, Morino I, Parazoo N C, Petri C, Roehl C M, Sha M K, Strong K, Velazco V A, Wennberg P O, Wunch D. 2020 Improved Constraints on Northern Extratropical CO2 Fluxes Obtained by Combining Surface-Based and Space-Based Atmospheric CO2 Measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 125(15). DOI: 10.1029/2019JD032029

Carroll, D., Menemenlis, D., Adkins, J. F., Bowman, K. W., Brix, H., Dutkiewicz, S., Fenty, I., Gierach, M. M., Hill, C., Jahn, O., Landschutzer, P., Lauderdale, J. M., Liu, J., Manizza, M., Naviaux, J. D., Rodenbeck, C., Schimel, D. S., Van der Stocken, T., Zhang, H. 2020. The ECCO-Darwin Data-Assimilative Global Ocean Biogeochemistry Model: Estimates of Seasonal to Multidecadal Surface Ocean p CO 2 and Air-Sea CO 2 Flux. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 12(10). DOI: 10.1029/2019MS001888

Carroll, D., Menemenlis, D., Dutkiewicz, S., Lauderdale, J. M., Adkins, J. F., Bowman, K. W., Brix, H., Fenty, I., Gierach, M. M., Hill, C., Jahn, O., Landschutzer, P., Manizza, M., Mazloff, M. R., Miller, C. E., Schimel, D. S., Verdy, A., Whitt, D. B., Zhang, H. 2022. Attribution of Space-Time Variability in Global-Ocean Dissolved Inorganic Carbon. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 36(3). DOI: 10.1029/2021GB007162

Crowell, S., Baker, D., Schuh, A., Basu, S., Jacobson, A. R., Chevallier, F., Liu, J., Deng, F., Feng, L., McKain, K., Chatterjee, A., Miller, J. B., Stephens, B. B., Eldering, A., Crisp, D., Schimel, D., Nassar, R., O'Dell, C. W., Oda, T., Sweeney, C., Palmer, P. I., Jones, D. B. A. 2019. The 2015-2016 carbon cycle as seen from OCO-2 and the global in situ network. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 19(15), 9797-9831. DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-9797-2019

Konings, A. G., Bloom, A. A., Liu, J., Parazoo, N. C., Schimel, D. S., Bowman, K. W. 2019. Global satellite-driven estimates of heterotrophic respiration. Biogeosciences. 16(11), 2269-2284. DOI: 10.5194/bg-16-2269-2019

Liao, E., Resplandy, L., Liu, J., Bowman, K. W. 2020. Amplification of the Ocean Carbon Sink During El Ninos: Role of Poleward Ekman Transport and Influence on Atmospheric CO 2. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 34(9). DOI: 10.1029/2020GB006574

Liu, J., Baskaran, L., Bowman, K., Schimel, D., Bloom, A. A., Parazoo, N. C., Oda, T., Carroll, D., Menemenlis, D., Joiner, J., Commane, R., Daube, B., Gatti, L. V., McKain, K., Miller, J., Stephens, B. B., Sweeney, C., Wofsy, S. 2021. Carbon Monitoring System Flux Net Biosphere Exchange 2020 (CMS-Flux NBE 2020). Earth System Science Data. 13(2), 299-330. DOI: 10.5194/essd-13-299-2021

Liu, J., Bowman, K. W., Schimel, D. S., Parazoo, N. C., Jiang, Z., Lee, M., Bloom, A. A., Wunch, D., Frankenberg, C., Sun, Y., O'Dell, C. W., Gurney, K. R., Menemenlis, D., Gierach, M., Crisp, D., Eldering, A. 2017. Contrasting carbon cycle responses of the tropical continents to the 2015-2016 El Nino. Science. 358(6360). DOI: 10.1126/science.aam5690

Liu, J., Bowman, K., Parazoo, N. C., Bloom, A. A., Wunch, D., Jiang, Z., Gurney, K. R., Schimel, D. 2018. Detecting drought impact on terrestrial biosphere carbon fluxes over contiguous US with satellite observations. Environmental Research Letters. 13(9), 095003. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aad5ef

Liu, J., Wennberg, P. O., Parazoo, N. C., Yin, Y., Frankenberg, C. 2020. Observational Constraints on the Response of High-Latitude Northern Forests to Warming. AGU Advances. 1(4). DOI: 10.1029/2020AV000228

Parazoo, N. C., Bowman, K. W., Baier, B. C., Liu, J., Lee, M., Kuai, L., Shiga, Y., Baker, I., Whelan, M. E., Feng, S., Krol, M., Sweeney, C., Runkle, B. R., Tajfar, E., Davis, K. J. 2021. Covariation of Airborne Biogenic Tracers (CO 2 , COS, and CO) Supports Stronger Than Expected Growing Season Photosynthetic Uptake in the Southeastern US. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 35(10). DOI: 10.1029/2021GB006956

Quetin, G. R., Bloom, A. A., Bowman, K. W., Konings, A. G. 2020. Carbon Flux Variability From a Relatively Simple Ecosystem Model With Assimilated Data Is Consistent With Terrestrial Biosphere Model Estimates. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 12(3). DOI: 10.1029/2019MS001889

Schuh, A. E., Jacobson, A. R., Basu, S., Weir, B., Baker, D., Bowman, K., Chevallier, F., Crowell, S., Davis, K. J., Deng, F., Denning, S., Feng, L., Jones, D., Liu, J., Palmer, P. I. 2019. Quantifying the Impact of Atmospheric Transport Uncertainty on CO 2 Surface Flux Estimates. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 33(4), 484-500. DOI: 10.1029/2018GB006086

Worden, J., Saatchi, S., Keller, M., Bloom, A. A., Liu, J., Parazoo, N., Fisher, J. B., Bowman, K., Reager, J. T., Fahy, K., Schimel, D., Fu, R., Worden, S., Yin, Y., Gentine, P., Konings, A. G., Quetin, G. R., Williams, M., Worden, H., Shi, M., Barkhordarian, A. 2021. Satellite Observations of the Tropical Terrestrial Carbon Balance and Interactions With the Water Cycle During the 21st Century. Reviews of Geophysics. 59(1). DOI: 10.1029/2020RG000711

Yin, Y., Bowman, K., Bloom, A. A., Worden, J. 2019. Detection of fossil fuel emission trends in the presence of natural carbon cycle variability. Environmental Research Letters. 14(8), 084050. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab2dd7

Archived Data Citations: Liu, J., Baskarran, L., Bowman, K., Schimel, D., Bloom, A. A., Parazoo, N., Oda, T., Carrol, D., Menemenlis, D., Joiner, J., Commane, R., Daube, B., Gatti, L. V., McKain, K., Miller, J., Stephens, B. B., Sweeney, C., and Wofsy, S.: CMS-Flux NBE 2020 [Data set], NASA, DOI: 10.25966/4V02-C391


 

Dietze (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:A prototype data assimilation system for the terrestrial carbon cycle to support Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification

Science Team
Members:

Michael Dietze, Boston University (Project Lead)
Shawn Serbin, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Successor Projects: Dietze (CMS 2020)  
Abstract: NASA in general, and CMS in particular, have devoted considerable resources to developing remote sensing data products aimed at quantifying and understanding the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle. Similar efforts have been taken throughout the research community, generating bottom-up estimates based on inventory data, eddy covariance, process-based models, etc. While these efforts collectively span a wide range of observations (optical, lidar, radar, field-measurements) and response variables (cover, pools, fluxes, disturbances), each data product typically only leverages one or two data sources. However, what is fundamentally needed to improve monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) isn’t numerous alternative C estimates but a synthetic view of the whole. Furthermore, any approach to synthesis needs to be flexible and extensible, so that it can deal with different data sources with different spatial and temporal resolutions, extents, and uncertainties, as well as new sensors and products as they are brought online. Finally, it needs to inform top-down atmospheric inversions, which currently cannot ingest these bottom-up C estimates an a constraint. We propose to develop a prototype synthesis, focused initially on the continental US (CONUS), by employing a formal Bayesian model-data assimilation between process- based ecosystem models and multiple data sources to estimate key C pools and fluxes. Models are at the center of our novel system, but rather than providing a prognostic forward-simulation they serve as a scaffold in a fundamentally data-driven process by allowing different data sources to be merged together. Essentially, while data on different scales and processes are difficult to merge directly, all of these data can be used to inform the state variables (i.e. pools not parameters) in the models. In addition to a ‘best estimate’ of the terrestrial C cycle, a key outcome of such a synthesis would be a robust and transparent accounting of uncertainties. This approach is also exceedingly extensible to new data products, or to changes in the availability of data in space and time, as assimilation only requires the construction of simple data models (e.g. Likelihoods) that link model states to observations. The proposed bottom-up model-data assimilation will also provide informative prior means and uncertainties for the CarbonTracker-Lagrange (CT-L) inverse modeling framework. This assimilation of a robust, data-driven bottom- up prior will provide, for the first time, a formal synthesis between top-down and bottom- up C estimates. While new to the CMS team, PIs Dietze and Serbin have extensive experience with remote sensing, field measurements, process-based modeling, and model-data fusion. The proposed work explicitly builds upon their PEcAn model-data informatics system and directly leverages numerous data products CMS has already invested in over the CONUS region. The prototype system will build on existing PEcAn data assimilation case studies focused on inventory data, phenology, and hyperspectral remote sensing. The proposed project leverages three parallel and interlocking lines of research. First, we will extend our existing system to iteratively ingest a range of CMS data products (airborne lidar, GLAS satellite lidar, radar, hyperspatial forest cover, disturbance products, etc.). Second, to address the challenges in assimilating disturbance and land use, we will incorporate the well-established Ecosystem Demography scaling approach into the data assimilation system itself. Third, we will coordinate with Co-PI Andrews' CMS inversion team to prototype informative land priors for use in top-down inversions as a proof-of-concept on top-down/bottom-up integration. Finally, our proposed prototype project has an obvious extension to global-scale bottom-up international MRV and REDD activities as well as a range of top-down inversions. Overall, this proposal has the potential to strengthen the entire CMS portfolio.
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land Biomass
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
  • MRV

Participants:

Arlyn Andrews, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
Michael Dietze, Boston University
Robert Kennedy, Oregon State University
Bailey Morrison, University of California, Merced
Shawn Serbin, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Katie Zarada, Boston University

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Probability distributions of leaf, stem, and soil carbon pools 1986-2020
Start Date:  01/1986      End Date:  12/2020     (1986-2020)
Description:  
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  CONUS
Spatial Resolution:  500 points in a weighted sampling scheme
Temporal Frequency:  annual timestep
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Ecological Forecasting Initiative (Point of Contact: Jody Peters, eco4cast.initiative@gmail.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  1
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  2
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Sub-daily carbon and water fluxes for the CONUS: 1986-2020.
Start Date:  01/1986      End Date:  12/2020     (1986-2020)
Description:  
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  CONUS
Spatial Resolution:  500 points in a weighted sampling scheme
Temporal Frequency:  sub-daily
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Ecological Forecasting Initiative (Point of Contact: Jody Peters, eco4cast.initiative@gmail.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  1
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  2
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

 
Publications: Dokoohaki, H., Morrison, B. D., Raiho, A., Serbin, S. P., Dietze, M. A novel model-data fusion approach to terrestrial carbon cycle reanalysis across the contiguous U.S using SIPNET and PEcAn state data assimilation system v. 1.7.2 DOI: 10.5194/gmd-2021-236

Fer, I., Kelly, R., Moorcroft, P. R., Richardson, A. D., Cowdery, E. M., Dietze, M. C. 2018. Linking big models to big data: efficient ecosystem model calibration through Bayesian model emulation. Biogeosciences. 15(19), 5801-5830. DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-5801-2018

Hurtt, G. C., Andrews, A., Bowman, K., Brown, M. E., Chatterjee, A., Escobar, V., Fatoyinbo, L., Griffith, P., Guy, M., Healey, S. P., Jacob, D. J., Kennedy, R., Lohrenz, S., McGroddy, M. E., Morales, V., Nehrkorn, T., Ott, L., Saatchi, S., Sepulveda Carlo, E., Serbin, S. P., Tian, H. 2022. The NASA Carbon Monitoring System Phase 2 synthesis: scope, findings, gaps and recommended next steps. Environmental Research Letters. 17(6), 063010. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac7407


 

Fatoyinbo (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Estimating Total Ecosystem Carbon in Blue Carbon and Tropical Peatland Ecosystems

Science Team
Members:

Temilola (Lola) Fatoyinbo, NASA GSFC (Project Lead)
David Lagomasino, East Carolina University
SeungKuk Lee, NASA GSFC
Xue Liu, Columbia University
Benjamin (Ben) Poulter, NASA GSFC
Marc (Mac) Simard, Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech
Carl Trettin, U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Fatoyinbo (CMS 2014)  
Abstract: The proposed research focuses on the application and further development of C Stock mapping and estimation from multiple satellite and airborne remote sensing platforms, with a focus on mangrove and tropical peatland forests. One main goal of this proposed project is to develop a standardized MRV (monitoring, reporting and verification) methodology that incorporates canopy height measurements from multiple Remote Sensing sources (TanDEM-X, High Resoluiton stereo, Lidar where available) to estimate extent, stocks and both spatial and vertical changes that can be incorporated and approved not only for scientific applications, but also for MRV (monitoring, reporting, verification) in voluntary Carbon markets. Here we propose to help advance the field of carbon standards and MRV methodologies, by incorporating the new set of methods using active InSAR, Polarimetric InSAR, Lidar and optical stereo data. We will also propose to begin the integration of remote sensing observations of forest canopy height and biomass within a mangrove ecosystem model to advance the Tier-3 certification process for tropical forest wetlands. Mangrove and Peatland forests are experiencing rapid decline, either through land conversion for commodity production (aquaculture, rice, oil palm), unsustainable harvesting for timber and charcoal, or poor management. To counter this trend, a large focus is in restoration and reforestation and the determining what types of observations are required to monitor the successful regeneration of forests. Thus, we also propose to further our ongoing work in estimating mangrove forest rates of change from TanDEM-X and Very High Resolution Stereo data 1) to monitor and evaluate the efficacy of existing mangrove and peatland restoration projects and 2) provide quantitative historical data on mangrove and adjoining peatland forest extent that will aid in development phase of planned restoration projects. One main goal of this proposed project is to develop a standardized MRV (monitoring, reporting and verification) methodology that incorporates canopy height measurements from multiple RS sources (TanDEM-X, VHRS, Lidar or other data) to estimate extent, stocks and both spatial and vertical changes that can be incorporated and approved not only for scientific applications, but also for MRV in voluntary Carbon markets. The objectives for this proposed project are: 1. Reduce the uncertainty and increase the Application Readiness Level (ARL) of mangrove and peatland forest extent, vertical structure and change (gain, loss, growth rates) maps in Africa and South-East Asia using multi-sensor data 2. Improve total carbon stock estimates and emissions for mangroves and peatland forests using forest vertical structure and relationships of soil C with geophysical factors, with propagated sources and estimates of error. 3. Prototype the development of MRV systems for mangrove forests that are compliant with IPCC Tier 3 emissions through the integration of remote sensing observations of forest canopy height into a NPP model that allocates carbon increment to specific C pools. 4. Develop a MRV Certification Prototypes for Mangrove and Peatlands that advances more traditional MRV methods to include forest structure from multiple remotely sensed datasets. This project is an extension of a current CMS project ending in 2017 (CMS I) focused on Total C estimation in Blue Carbon ecosystems (specifically mangroves) in three countries of Africa Gabon, Tanzania, Mozambique. We will expand the current geographical focus of the project to coastal areas in West Africa and South-East Asia. In addition, we are also expanding our focus from mangroves, to adjoining tropical freshwater peat forests (primarily in Indonesia, but also in Ghana). Our collaborators and stakeholders are existing REDD project developers in Asia and Africa, sustainable logging companies, Universities and International Biodiversity and conservation projects.
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land Biomass

Participants:

Anthony Campbell, NASA GSFC / UMBC
Temilola (Lola) Fatoyinbo, NASA GSFC
Liza Goldberg, NASA GSFC
David Lagomasino, East Carolina University
Emily Landis, The Nature Conservancy (Global Mangrove Alliance)
SeungKuk Lee, NASA GSFC
Xue Liu, Columbia University
Benjamin (Ben) Poulter, NASA GSFC
Nathan Renneboog, Permian Global
Aurelie Shapiro, World Wildlife Fund
Marc (Mac) Simard, Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech
Nathan Thomas, NASA GSFC / ESSIC UMD
Carl Trettin, U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station
Jan-Willem van Bochove, United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Global Mangrove Distribution, Aboveground Biomass, and Canopy Height
Start Date:  01/2000      End Date:  08/2014
Description:  This dataset characterizes the global distribution, biomass, and canopy height of mangrove-forested wetlands based on remotely sensed and in situ field measurement data. Estimates of (1) mangrove aboveground biomass (AGB), (2) maximum canopy height (height of the tallest tree), and (3) basal-area weighted height (individual tree heights weighted in proportion to their basal area) for the nominal year 2000 were derived across a 30-meter resolution global mangrove ecotype extent map using remotely-sensed canopy height measurements and region-specific allometric models. Also provided are (4) in situ field measurement data for selected sites across a wide variety of forest structures (e.g., scrub, fringe, riverine and basin) in mangrove ecotypes of the global equatorial region. Within designated plots, selected trees were identified to species and diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height was measured using a laser rangefinder or clinometer. Tree density (the number of stems) can be estimated for each plot and expressed per unit area. These data were used to derive plot-level allometry among AGB, basal area weighted height (Hba), and maximum canopy height (Hmax) and to validate the remotely sensed estimates.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Global within a circum-equatorial band from 31 degrees north to 39 degrees south
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  One-time estimates for nominal year 2000
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Global Mangrove Alliance (Point of Contact: Emily Landis, elandis@tnc.org); World Bank (Point of Contact: Idriss Deffry)
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1665
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1665
Archived Data Citation:  Simard, M., T. Fatoyinbo, C. Smetanka, V.H. Rivera-monroy, E. Castaneda, N. Thomas, and T. Van der stocken. 2019. Global Mangrove Distribution, Aboveground Biomass, and Canopy Height. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1665

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:31.00000 South Latitude:-39.00000

Product Title:  Global Mangrove Loss Extent, Land Cover Change, and Loss Drivers, 2000-2016
Start Date:  01/2000      End Date:  12/2016     (2000-01-01 to 2005-12-31, 2005-12-31 to 2010-12-31, 2010-12-31 to 2016-12-31)
Description:  This dataset provides estimates of the extent of mangrove loss, land cover change, and its anthropogenic or climatic drivers in three time periods: 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2010-2016. Landsat-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) anomalies were used to determine loss extent in each period. The drivers of mangrove loss were determined by examining land cover changes using a random forest machine learning technique that considered change from mangrove to wet soil, dry soil, and water at each loss pixel. A series of decision trees used several global-scale land-use datasets to identify the ultimate driver of the mangrove loss. Loss drivers include commodity production (agriculture, aquaculture), settlement, erosion, extreme climatic events, and non-productive conversion. Maps of loss extent per period, mangrove land cover changes, and loss drivers are provided for each of 39 mangrove holding nations.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  land biomass
Spatial Extent:  Global within a circum-equatorial band from 31 degrees north to 39 degrees south
Spatial Resolution:  0.0003 degrees (~30 m)
Temporal Frequency:  Three time periods: 2000-01-01 to 2005-12-31, 2005-12-31 to 2010-12-31, 2010-12-31 to 2016-12-31
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1768
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1768
Archived Data Citation:  Goldberg, L., D. Lagomasino, N. Thomas, and T. Fatoyinbo. 2022. Global Mangrove Loss Extent, Land Cover Change, and Loss Drivers, 2000-2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1768

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-94.56000 East Longitude:164.69000
North Latitude:27.04000 South Latitude:-58.45000

Product Title:  Global Salt Marsh Change, 2000-2019
Start Date:  01/2000      End Date:  12/2019     (2000-01-01 to 2019-12-31)
Description:  This dataset provides global salt marsh change, including loss and gain for five-year periods from 2000-2019. Loss and gain at a 30 m spatial resolution were estimated with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) anomaly algorithm using Landsat 5, 7, and 8 collections within the known extent of salt marshes. The data are provided in cloud-optimized GeoTIFF format.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  Land Biomass
Spatial Extent:  Global extent of salt marsh ecosystms
Spatial Resolution:  ~30 m
Temporal Frequency:  5-year epochs
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2122
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2122
Archived Data Citation:  Campbell, A., T. Fatoyinbo, and L. Goldberg. 2022. Global Salt Marsh Change, 2000-2019. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2122

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-170.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:74.00000 South Latitude:-47.00000

 
Publications: Campbell, A. D., Fatoyinbo, L., Goldberg, L., Lagomasino, D. 2022. Global hotspots of salt marsh change and carbon emissions. Nature. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05355-z

Campbell, A. D., Fatoyinbo, T., Charles, S. P., Bourgeau-Chavez, L. L., Goes, J., Gomes, H., Halabisky, M., Holmquist, J., Lohrenz, S., Mitchell, C., Moskal, L. M., Poulter, B., Qiu, H., Resende De Sousa, C. H., Sayers, M., Simard, M., Stewart, A. J., Singh, D., Trettin, C., Wu, J., Zhang, X., Lagomasino, D. 2022. A review of carbon monitoring in wet carbon systems using remote sensing. Environmental Research Letters. 17(2), 025009. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac4d4d

Fatoyinbo, T., Feliciano, E. A., Lagomasino, D., Lee, S. K., Trettin, C. 2018. Estimating mangrove aboveground biomass from airborne LiDAR data: a case study from the Zambezi River delta. Environmental Research Letters. 13(2), 025012. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aa9f03

Lagomasino, D., Fatoyinbo, T., Lee, S., Feliciano, E., Trettin, C., Shapiro, A., Mangora, M. M. 2019. Measuring mangrove carbon loss and gain in deltas. Environmental Research Letters. 14(2), 025002. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aaf0de

Lee, S., Fatoyinbo, T. E., Lagomasino, D., Feliciano, E., Trettin, C. 2018. Multibaseline TanDEM-X Mangrove Height Estimation: The Selection of the Vertical Wavenumber. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. 11(10), 3434-3442. DOI: 10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2835647

Mondal, P., Liu, X., Fatoyinbo, T. E., Lagomasino, D. 2019. Evaluating Combinations of Sentinel-2 Data and Machine-Learning Algorithms for Mangrove Mapping in West Africa. Remote Sensing. 11(24), 2928. DOI: 10.3390/rs11242928

Simard, M., Fatoyinbo, L., Smetanka, C., Rivera-Monroy, V. H., Castaneda-Moya, E., Thomas, N., Van der Stocken, T. 2018. Mangrove canopy height globally related to precipitation, temperature and cyclone frequency. Nature Geoscience. 12(1), 40-45. DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0279-1

Thomas, N., Bunting, P., Lucas, R., Hardy, A., Rosenqvist, A., Fatoyinbo, T. 2018. Mapping Mangrove Extent and Change: A Globally Applicable Approach. Remote Sensing. 10(9), 1466. DOI: 10.3390/rs10091466

Archived Data Citations: Simard, M., T. Fatoyinbo, C. Smetanka, V.H. Rivera-monroy, E. Castaneda, N. Thomas, and T. Van der stocken. 2019. Global Mangrove Distribution, Aboveground Biomass, and Canopy Height. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1665

Goldberg, L., D. Lagomasino, N. Thomas, and T. Fatoyinbo. 2022. Global Mangrove Loss Extent, Land Cover Change, and Loss Drivers, 2000-2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1768

Campbell, A., T. Fatoyinbo, and L. Goldberg. 2022. Global Salt Marsh Change, 2000-2019. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2122


 

Greenberg (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Three dimensional change detection of aboveground biomass

Science Team
Members:

Jonathan Greenberg, University of Nevada (Project Lead)

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Greenberg (CMS 2014)  
Abstract: We propose to create a Carbon Monitoring Systems (CMS) with the goal of estimating three- dimensional changes in forest biomass over a variety of different disturbance regimes using a suite of different remotely sensed data including airborne and terrestrial LiDAR, and UAV and ground-based multi-angle digital imagery processed using structure-from-motion techniques. In collaboration with the US Forest Service, we will collect these data before and after a disturbance, to determine the sensitivity of these technologies to accumulation and loss of biomass in the overstory and understory. We believe this work will lead to decreasing uncertainties in estimating changes in biomass, as well as providing important information on disturbance risk and successional dynamics that can impact long-term ecosystem processes.
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land Biomass

Participants:

John Armston, University of Maryland
Laura Duncanson, University of Maryland
Jonathan Greenberg, University of Nevada
Steven Hancock, University of Maryland
Thomas Painter, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Carlos Ramirez Reyes, USDA Forest Service
Michele Slaton, USDA Forest Service

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
None provided.
 
Publications: None provided.
Outreach Activities: Wired Magazine did an article about wildfires and used data/graphics we developed from our recent CMS project: https://www.wired.com/story/how-supercomputers-can-help-fix-our-wildfire-problem/ (the TLS scan at the bottom was funded by CMS).


 

Guan (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Improving the monitoring capability of carbon budget for the US Corn Belt - integrating multi-source satellite data with improved land surface modeling and atmospheric inversion

Science Team
Members:

Kaiyu Guan, University of Illinois (Project Lead)
Caroline Alden, University of Colorado
Bin Peng, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Abstract: With rising demands of food and fiber from a growing global population, agricultural landscape plays an increasingly important role in the global carbon cycle. Cropland also represents one of the biggest opportunities for carbon sequestration. Accurate quantification of regional scale cropland carbon cycling is critical for designing effective policies and management practices that can contribute to stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. A comprehensive carbon monitoring system should include the integration of bottom-up and top-down estimates of carbon flux. However, the current cropland-based carbon monitoring systems face the following challenges: (1) they primarily focus on bottom-up approaches, with lack of integration and cross-verification between bottom-up and top-down approaches; (2) they are lack of spatially explicit characterization in either bottom-up process-based models or top-down atmospheric inversions. Novel satellite data (including Solar Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence and atmospheric column-average CO2) and other existing NASA satellite data provide unique opportunities in addressing these challenges and improving both bottom-up and top-down approaches. Here we propose one of the first Carbon Monitoring Systems (CMS) that will integrate both bottom-up and top-down approaches to jointly quantify the carbon budget for the US Corn Belt. The proposal plans to achieve three major improvements for bottom-up and top-down approaches (Task 1-3), with Task 4 to integrate and synthesize results from the two approaches to generate a consistent US Corn Belt carbon flux product including a thorough uncertainty assessment, covering the period of 2007 to 2017. Specifically, the four tasks are: ● Task 1 (Bottom-up approach - inventory/satellite): Combine USDA crop statistics- based and satellite-based solar-induced fluorescence (GOME-2 and OCO-2) to generate an improved 10 km carbon budget inventory (NPP, GPP, and Ra) for the US Corn Belt. ● Task 2 (Bottom-up approach - modeling/satellite): Assimilate multi-sources of satellite data (MODIS LAI, SMAP soil moisture) and newly derived crop inventory data (from Task 1) into the CLM-APSIM framework, to explicitly constrain the crop parameters in space and improve carbon budget simulation. ● Task 3 (Top-down approach - satellite/in-situ): Use satellite and in situ data together to solve for CO2 fluxes at high-resolution in a regional inversion over the US Corn Belt. ● Task 4 (Bottom-up/top-down integration): Integrate bottom-up and top-down approaches to jointly constrain the carbon budget, cross-verify estimates and provide robust uncertainty characterization. This current proposal targets at the 2nd Research Topic that is listed in the NASA CMS solicitation, i.e. “Studies that address research needs to advance remote sensing-based approaches to monitoring, reporting, and verifications.” The proposed project directly addresses NASA’s strategic goal for the Earth Science to “study planet Earth from space to advance scientific understanding and meet societal needs”. The project will fully utilize the SIF and XCO2 retrievals from the new NASA satellite OCO-2 as well as the data from other existing NASA satellite products (e.g. from SMAP, MODIS, CERES and Landsat-based Crop Data Layer) to develop improved carbon flux estimations from bottom up approaches (inventory-satellite based and process-model based) and top-down approaches (jointly using satellite and in situ data in the atmospheric inversion). Public and private sectors can use this product to inform agricultural productivity and managements, which would further realize the value of NASA data. This effort thus carries a great promise to further constrain the regional and global carbon cycle, and also to directly address one of NASA’s key scientific questions for Earth System Science: “How will carbon cycle dynamics and ecosystem change in the future?”
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux

Participants:

Caroline Alden, University of Colorado
Arlyn Andrews, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
Joseph (Joe) Berry, Carnegie Institution for Science
Evan DeLucia, University of Illinois
Christian Frankenberg, Caltech
Kaiyu Guan, University of Illinois
Chongya Jiang, University of Illinois
Lauren Lurkins, Illinois Farm Bureau
Zewei Ma, University of Illinois
Dion McBay, Monsanto Company
John Miller, NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
Bin Peng, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Bharat Rastogi, University of Colorado Boulder
Xi Yang, University of Virginia

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Crop specific (Maize/Soybean) Autotrophic Respiration (Ra)
Time Period:  2007-present
Description:  the difference between cumulative SIF-Based GPP and yield-based NPP
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  12 Midwest States of US
Spatial Resolution:  10km
Temporal Frequency:  Yearly
Input Data Products:  SIF-based GPP and yield-based NPP
Algorithm/Models Used:  Simple math
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  remote sensing and land surface modeling
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  remote sensing scientists and land surface modelers
Stakeholders:  Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org); Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company (Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com); The Climate Corporation (Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  At the end of project
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Crop specific (Maize/Soybean) Net Primary Productivity (NPP)
Time Period:  2007-present
Description:  cumulative NPP from harvest yield data
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  12 Midwest States of US
Spatial Resolution:  10km
Temporal Frequency:  Yearly
Input Data Products:  USDA NASS county-level yield, harvest index
Algorithm/Models Used:  The algorithm in Guan et al. (2015, GCB)
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  remote sensing and land surface modeling
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  remote sensing scientists and land surface modelers
Stakeholders:  Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org); Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company (Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com); Illinois Farm Bureau, and also American Farm Bureau Federation (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins (llurkins@ilfb.org)); The Climate Corporation (Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  At the end of project
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Crop specific (Maize/Soybean) SIF-based GPP
Time Period:  2007-present
Description:  The crop-specific SIF-GPP relationship will be investigated through SCOPE model. Then the 10km fusion SIF product will be conerted to GPP
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  12 Midwest States of US
Spatial Resolution:  10km
Temporal Frequency:  Bi-weekly
Input Data Products:  The fused10om SIF product
Algorithm/Models Used:  We are currently investigating the SIF-GPP relationship using extensive SCOPE model simulations
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  remote sensing and land surface modeling
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  remote sensing scientists and land surface modelers
Stakeholders:  Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org); Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company (Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com); Illinois Farm Bureau, and also American Farm Bureau Federation (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins (llurkins@ilfb.org)); The Climate Corporation (Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  7
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  At the end of project
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Ecosys model based surface carbon fluxes (GPP, NPP, Ra, Rh, NEE)
Time Period:  2007-present
Description:  Carbon fluxes from the optimized CLM model
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  12 Midwest States of US
Spatial Resolution:  10km
Temporal Frequency:  Hourly
Input Data Products:  GSWPv3 climate forcing, optimized CLM parameter fields
Algorithm/Models Used:  CLM
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  carbon science, agricultural econimics and policy
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  carbon cycle and agriculture research scientists, as well as policy makers
Stakeholders:  Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org); Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company (Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com); The Climate Corporation (Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  7
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  At the end of project
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  NEE from direct atmospheric inversion
Time Period:  2007-present
Description:  This is the NEE product from the inversion system without constraint form bottom-up approach.
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  12 Midwest States of US
Spatial Resolution:  10km
Temporal Frequency:  3-hourly
Input Data Products:  NOAA/ESRL network aircraft and surface tower sites (in situ data) and observations from the Midwest-Continental Intensive project Ring2 towers
Algorithm/Models Used:  WRF-STILT
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  carbon science, agricultural econimics and policy
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  carbon cycle and agriculture research scientists, as well as policy makers
Stakeholders:  Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org); Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company (Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com); The Climate Corporation (Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  2
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  At the end of project
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  NEE from joint bottom-up and top-down approach
Time Period:  2007-present
Description:  The bottom up NEE will be used as priors for the atmospheric inversion system and the posterior NEE will be produced.
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  12 Midwest States of US
Spatial Resolution:  10km
Temporal Frequency:  3-hourly
Input Data Products:  NOAA/ESRL network aircraft and surface tower sites (in situ data) and observations from the Midwest-Continental Intensive project Ring2 towers, CLM-based NEE
Algorithm/Models Used:  WRF-STILT
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  carbon science, agricultural econimics and policy
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  carbon cycle and agriculture research scientists, as well as policy makers
Stakeholders:  Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org); Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company (Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com); The Climate Corporation (Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  1
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  2
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  At the end of project
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Spatially explicit key model parameters for Maize and Soybean in Ecosys
Time Period:  2007-present
Description:  Bayesian calibrated model parameter fields using remotely sensed data
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  12 Midwest States of US
Spatial Resolution:  10km
Temporal Frequency:  Static or monthly
Input Data Products:  GSWPv3 climate forcing, SIF based GPP, yield-based NPP, MODIS GCVI-based LAI, SMAP L2/L4 soil moisture
Algorithm/Models Used:  CLM+DREAM
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  land surface modeling
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  land surface modelers
Stakeholders:  Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau (Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org); Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company (Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com); The Climate Corporation (Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com)
Current Application Readiness Level:  7
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  At the end of project
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  High Resolution Land Cover-Specific Solar-Induced Fluorescence, Midwestern USA, 2018
Start Date:  05/2018      End Date:  09/2018     (2018-05-01 to 2018-09-29)
Description:  This dataset provides estimated solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) of specific vegetation types and total SIF under clear-sky and real/cloudy conditions at a resolution of 4 km for the Midwest USA. The estimates are 8-day averaged daily means over the 2018 crop growing season for the time period 2018-05-01 to 2018-09-29. SIF of a specific vegetation type (i.e., corn, soybean, grass/pasture, forest) was expressed as the product of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the canopy (fPAR), and canopy SIF yield (SIFyield) for each vegetation type. Uncertainty of each variable was also calculated and is provided. These components of the SIF model were derived using a TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) dataset, the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer, and the MODIS MCD15A2H 8-day 500 m fPAR product. These data could be used to improve estimates of vegetation productivity and vegetation stress.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Midwest, USA, including 15 states: Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Spatial Resolution:  0.041667 degrees (~4 km)
Temporal Frequency:  8-day
Input Data Products:  GOME-2 SIF retrievals; OCO-2 SIF retrievals
Algorithm/Models Used:  We are developing the fusion and downscaling algorithm
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  remote sensing applications
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  remote sensing scientists and land surface modelers Stakeholder: Director of Natural and Environmental Resources, Illinois Farm Bureau Point of Contact: Lauren Lurkins, llurkins@ilfb.org Global Sustainable Development, Monsanto Company Point of Contact: Dion McBay, dion.a.mcbay@monsanto.com The Climate Corporation Point of Contact: Frank G. Dohleman, frank.dohleman@climate.com Please contact Amy Hodkinson if you would like to update this information
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1813
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1813
Archived Data Citation:  Wang, C., K. Guan, B. Peng, C. Jiang, J. Peng, G. Wu, C. Frankenberg, P. Koehler, X. Yang, Y. Cai, and Y. Huang. 2021. High Resolution Land Cover-Specific Solar-Induced Fluorescence, Midwestern USA, 2018. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1813

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-110.02000 East Longitude:-77.98000
North Latitude:49.94000 South Latitude:34.98000

Product Title:  MODIS-based GPP, PAR, fC4, and SANIRv estimates from SLOPE for CONUS, 2000-2019
Start Date:  01/2000      End Date:  01/2020     (2000-01-01 to 2019-12-31)
Description:  This dataset contains estimated gross primary productivity (GPP), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), soil adjusted near infrared reflectance of vegetation (SANIRv), the fraction of C4 crops in vegetation (fC4), and their uncertainties for the conterminous United States (CONUS) from 2000 to 2019. The daily estimates are SatelLite Only Photosynthesis Estimation (SLOPE) products at 250-m resolution. There are three distinct features of the GPP estimation algorithm: (1) SLOPE couples machine learning models with MODIS atmosphere and land products to accurately estimate PAR, (2) SLOPE couples gap-filling and filtering algorithms with surface reflectance acquired by both Terra and Aqua MODIS satellites to derive a soil-adjusted NIRv (SANIRv) dataset, and (3) SLOPE couples a temporal pattern recognition approach with a long-term Crop Data Layer (CDL) product to predict dynamic C4 crop fraction. PAR, SANIRv and C4 fraction are used to drive a parsimonious model with only two parameters to estimate GPP, along with a quantitative uncertainty, on a per-pixel and daily basis. The slope GPP product has an R2 = 0.84 and a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.65 gC m-2 d-1.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  reflectance, PAR, plant characteristics, reflected infrared wavelengths, GPP
Spatial Extent:  Conterminous U.S.
Spatial Resolution:  250 m
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1786
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1786
Archived Data Citation:  Jiang, C., and K. Guan. 2020. MODIS-based GPP, PAR, fC4, and SANIRv estimates from SLOPE for CONUS, 2000-2019. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1786

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-155.57000 East Longitude:-52.22000
North Latitude:50.01000 South Latitude:19.99000

Product Title:  SIF and Vegetation Indices in the US Midwestern Agroecosystems, 2016-2021
Start Date:  08/2016      End Date:  09/2021     (2016-08-07 to 2021-09-18)
Description:  This dataset contains half-hourly ground solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and vegetation indices including NDVI, EVI, Red edge chlorophyll index, green chlorophyll index, and photochemical reflectance index at seven crop sites in Nebraska and Illinois for the period 2016-2021. Four sites were located at Eddy Covariance (EC) tower sites (sites US-Ne2, US-Ne3, US-UiB, and US-UiC), and three sites were located on private farms (sites Reifsteck, Rund, and Reinhart). The sites were either miscanthus, corn-soybean rotation or corn-corn-soybean rotation. The spectral data for SIF retrieval and hyperspectral reflectance for vegetation index calculation were collected by the FluoSpec2 system, installed near planting, and uninstalled after harvest to collect whole growing-season data. Raw nadir SIF at 760 nm from different algorithms (sFLD, 3FLD, iFLD, SFM) are included. SFM_nonlinear and SFM_linear represent the Spectral fitting method (SFM) with the assumption that fluorescence and reflectance change with wavelength non-linearly and linearly, respectively. Additional data include two SIF correction factors including calibration coefficient adjustment factor (f_cal_corr_QEPRO) and upscaling nadir SIF to eddy covariance footprint factor (ratio_EC footprint, SIF pixel), and measured FPAR from quantum sensors and Rededge NDVI calculated FPAR. The data are provided in comma-separated values (CSV) format.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Spatial Extent:  Illinois and Nebraska, US
Spatial Resolution:  Point
Temporal Frequency:  Half-hourly
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Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2136
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2136
Archived Data Citation:  Wu, G., K. Guan, H. Kimm, G. Miao, and C. Jiang. 2023. SIF and Vegetation Indices in the US Midwestern Agroecosystems, 2016-2021. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2136

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-99.70000 East Longitude:-87.40000
North Latitude:42.34000 South Latitude:38.74000

Product Title:  Ecosys Model-Estimated Cropland Carbon Fluxes, Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa, 2001-2018
Start Date:  01/2001      End Date:  12/2018     (2001-01-01 to 2018-12-31)
Description:  This dataset contains daily estimates of carbon fluxes in croplands derived from the "ecosys" model covering a portion of the Midwestern US (Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa) at county-level resolution from 2001-2018. Ecosys simulates water, energy, carbon, and nutrient cycles simultaneously for various ecosystems, including agricultural systems at up to hourly resolution. Estimates include: gross primary productivity (GPP), net primary productivity (NPP), autotrophic respiration (Ra), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), or net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Data were generated by the ecosys model constrained by observational data, including USDA crop yield from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, and a remote-sensing-based SLOPE GPP product. Model performance was evaluated using observations from AmeriFlux towers at agricultural sites within the study area. Agriculture in the US Midwest produces significant quantities of corn and soybeans, which are key elements to the global food supply. The data are provided in shapefile format.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Spatial Extent:  
Spatial Resolution:  Data are summarized by county
Temporal Frequency:  Daily
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Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
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Archived Data Citation:  Zhou, W., K. Guan, and B. Peng. 2023. Ecosys Model-Estimated Cropland Carbon Fluxes, Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa, 2001-2018. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2125

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-96.64000 East Longitude:-84.78000
North Latitude:43.50000 South Latitude:36.97000

 
Publications: Cai, Y., Guan, K., Peng, J., Wang, S., Seifert, C., Wardlow, B., Li, Z. 2018. A high-performance and in-season classification system of field-level crop types using time-series Landsat data and a machine learning approach. Remote Sensing of Environment. 210, 35-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2018.02.045

DeLucia, E. H., Chen, S., Guan, K., Peng, B., Li, Y., Gomez-Casanovas, N., Kantola, I. B., Bernacchi, C. J., Huang, Y., Long, S. P., Ort, D. R. 2019. Are we approaching a water ceiling to maize yields in the United States? Ecosphere. 10(6). DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2773

Jiang, C., Guan, K., Pan, M., Ryu, Y., Peng, B., Wang, S. 2020. BESS-STAIR: a framework to estimate daily, 30 m, and all-weather crop evapotranspiration using multi-source satellite data for the US Corn Belt. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 24(3), 1251-1273. DOI: 10.5194/hess-24-1251-2020

Jiang, C., Guan, K., Wu, G., Peng, B., Wang, S. 2021. A daily, 250 m and real-time gross primary productivity product (2000-present) covering the contiguous United States. Earth System Science Data. 13(2), 281-298. DOI: 10.5194/essd-13-281-2021

Kimm, H., Guan, K., Gentine, P., Wu, J., Bernacchi, C. J., Sulman, B. N., Griffis, T. J., Lin, C. 2020. Redefining droughts for the U.S. Corn Belt: The dominant role of atmospheric vapor pressure deficit over soil moisture in regulating stomatal behavior of Maize and Soybean. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 287, 107930. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107930

Kimm, H., Guan, K., Jiang, C., Peng, B., Gentry, L. F., Wilkin, S. C., Wang, S., Cai, Y., Bernacchi, C. J., Peng, J., Luo, Y. 2020. Deriving high-spatiotemporal-resolution leaf area index for agroecosystems in the U.S. Corn Belt using Planet Labs CubeSat and STAIR fusion data. Remote Sensing of Environment. 239, 111615. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111615

Luo, Y., Guan, K., Peng, J., Wang, S., Huang, Y. 2020. STAIR 2.0: A Generic and Automatic Algorithm to Fuse Modis, Landsat, and Sentinel-2 to Generate 10 m, Daily, and Cloud-/Gap-Free Surface Reflectance Product. Remote Sensing. 12(19), 3209. DOI: 10.3390/rs12193209

Peng, B., Guan, K., Pan, M., Li, Y. 2018. Benefits of Seasonal Climate Prediction and Satellite Data for Forecasting U.S. Maize Yield. Geophysical Research Letters. 45(18), 9662-9671. DOI: 10.1029/2018GL079291

Peng, B., Guan, K., Tang, J., Ainsworth, E. A., Asseng, S., Bernacchi, C. J., Cooper, M., Delucia, E. H., Elliott, J. W., Ewert, F., Grant, R. F., Gustafson, D. I., Hammer, G. L., Jin, Z., Jones, J. W., Kimm, H., Lawrence, D. M., Li, Y., Lombardozzi, D. L., Marshall-Colon, A., Messina, C. D., Ort, D. R., Schnable, J. C., Vallejos, C. E., Wu, A., Yin, X., Zhou, W. 2020. Towards a multiscale crop modelling framework for climate change adaptation assessment. Nature Plants. 6(4), 338-348. DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0625-3

Peng, B., Guan, K., Zhou, W., Jiang, C., Frankenberg, C., Sun, Y., He, L., Kohler, P. 2020. Assessing the benefit of satellite-based Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence in crop yield prediction. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 90, 102126. DOI: 10.1016/j.jag.2020.102126

Rastogi, B., Miller, J. B., Trudeau, M., Andrews, A. E., Hu, L., Mountain, M., Nehrkorn, T., Mund, J., Guan, K., Alden, C. B. Evaluating consistency between total column CO<sub>2</sub> retrievals from OCO-2 and the in-situ network over North America: Implications for carbon flux estimation DOI: 10.5194/acp-2021-299

Urban, D., Guan, K., Jain, M. 2018. Estimating sowing dates from satellite data over the U.S. Midwest: A comparison of multiple sensors and metrics. Remote Sensing of Environment. 211, 400-412. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.039

Wang, C., Guan, K., Peng, B., Chen, M., Jiang, C., Zeng, Y., Wu, G., Wang, S., Wu, J., Yang, X., Frankenberg, C., Kohler, P., Berry, J., Bernacchi, C., Zhu, K., Alden, C., Miao, G. 2020. Satellite footprint data from OCO-2 and TROPOMI reveal significant spatio-temporal and inter-vegetation type variabilities of solar-induced fluorescence yield in the U.S. Midwest. Remote Sensing of Environment. 241, 111728. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2020.111728

Archived Data Citations: Wu, G., K. Guan, H. Kimm, G. Miao, and C. Jiang. 2023. SIF and Vegetation Indices in the US Midwestern Agroecosystems, 2016-2021. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2136

Wang, C., K. Guan, B. Peng, C. Jiang, J. Peng, G. Wu, C. Frankenberg, P. Koehler, X. Yang, Y. Cai, and Y. Huang. 2021. High Resolution Land Cover-Specific Solar-Induced Fluorescence, Midwestern USA, 2018. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1813

Jiang, C., and K. Guan. 2020. MODIS-based GPP, PAR, fC4, and SANIRv estimates from SLOPE for CONUS, 2000-2019. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1786

Zhou, W., K. Guan, and B. Peng. 2023. Ecosys Model-Estimated Cropland Carbon Fluxes, Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa, 2001-2018. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2125


 

Healey (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Piloting a GEDI-based Forest Carbon Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification Tool

Science Team
Members:

Sean Healey, USDA Forest Service (Project Lead)
Paul Patterson, USDA Forest Service

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Abstract: NASA's GEDI (Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation) mission will mount an innovative lidar instrument on the International Space Station; the mission will provide unprecedented detail about the structure of Earth’s forests. The number, quality, and international consistency of GEDI’s tree height measurements represent a matchless global tool for describing how much carbon our forests store and how that storage is affected by ecological change. However, the only biomass product GEDI is required (and currently funded) to produce is a 1km grid of estimated mean biomass (with standard errors). While there are important science applications for this grid, many scientists, landowners, and government agencies would benefit from easy access to GEDI-based biomass estimates over more flexible spatial domains. The GEDI Science Team (led by the PI of this proposal) has developed an approach to making 1km biomass estimates using sample theory applied to modeled observations of biomass made at each GEDI footprint (GEDI is not a wall-to-wall instrument). This approach accounts for both sampling uncertainty and biomass model error. There is no theoretical obstacle preventing this approach from being applied across areas defined by customized political, ownership, or ecological boundaries. This proposal, first, will pilot a web app that will support monitoring, reporting, and verification of local carbon storage (with uncertainty) over any spatial domain of interest, using exactly the same lidar data and sampling theory as the GEDI gridded product. This pilot application will be constructed in collaboration with the Forest Service FIA (Forest Inventory and Analysis) unit, which already maintains a national-to-local carbon monitoring system and has a legal mandate to improve the spatial detail at which forest characteristics can be reported. In addition to providing a potential long-term home for GEDI’s contribution to practical carbon monitoring, FIA will provide data the project will use to build validation case studies as well as to hone the community’s ability to use a single point-in-time lidar sample to study how changing forests affect carbon storage. Like GEDI itself, this proposal benefits from earlier CMS investments in strategic collection of lidar and field data (PI: Cohen, 2013- 2016) and development of statistical methods that apply sampling theory to estimating biomass from lidar (PI: Healey, 2012-2014). The proposed activities are needed to fully realize GED’s potential in how we plan and compensate forest management that results in augmented carbon storage.
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land Biomass
  • MRV

Participants:

Hans Andersen, U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station
Warren Cohen, USDA Forest Service
Sean Healey, USDA Forest Service
Paul Patterson, USDA Forest Service
Sylvia Wilson, USGS / SilvaCarbon
Zhiqiang Yang, USDA Forest Service

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
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Product Title:  CMS: Forest Aboveground Biomass from FIA Plots across the Conterminous USA, 2009-2019
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2019     (Single estimate)
Description:  This dataset provides forest biomass estimates for the conterminous United States based on data from the USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. FIA maintains uniformly measured field plots across the conterminous U.S. This dataset, derived from field survey data from 2009-2019, includes statistical estimates of biomass at the finest scale (64,000-hectare hexagons) allowed by FIA's sample density. Estimates include the mean (and standard error of the mean) biomass for both live and dead trees, calculated using three sets of allometric equations. There is also an estimate of the area of forestland in each hexagon. These data can be useful for assessing the accuracy of remotely sensed biomass estimates.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  Forest Inventory; Validation; Biomass
Spatial Extent:  Conterminous U.S.
Spatial Resolution:  640 km2 hexagonal cells
Temporal Frequency:  Single estimate
Input Data Products:  Measurements from 125,000 field plots measured across a systematic grid covering CONUS.
Algorithm/Models Used:  Menlove, J. and S.P. Healy. 2020. A comprehensive forest biomass dataset for the USA allows customized validation of remotely sensed biomass estimates. Remote Sensing 12:4141. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12244141
Evaluation:  This dataset is intended as a reference against which new biomass maps may be compared.
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  This dataset is intended as a reference against which new biomass maps may be compared.
Uncertainty Estimates:  Based on sample-survey statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  Data-data comparison
Application Areas:  Biomass map validation
Relevant Policies/Programs:  REDD++, UNFCCC reporting
Potential Users:  Mostly map-makers and their customers who care about validation.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  9
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Descriptive publication
Limitations:  FIA’s sampling grid only permits validation at a fairly coarse spatial grain.
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1873
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1873
Archived Data Citation:  Menlove, J., and S.P. Healey. 2021. CMS: Forest Aboveground Biomass from FIA Plots across the Conterminous USA, 2009-2019. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1873

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-125.01000 East Longitude:-66.69000
North Latitude:49.51000 South Latitude:24.32000

 
Publications: Healey, S. P., Yang, Z., Gorelick, N., Ilyushchenko, S. 2020. Highly Local Model Calibration with a New GEDI LiDAR Asset on Google Earth Engine Reduces Landsat Forest Height Signal Saturation. Remote Sensing. 12(17), 2840. DOI: 10.3390/rs12172840

Healey, S., Menlove, J. 2019. The Stability of Mean Wood Specific Gravity across Stand Age in US Forests Despite Species Turnover. Forests. 10(2), 114. DOI: 10.3390/f10020114

Hurtt, G. C., Andrews, A., Bowman, K., Brown, M. E., Chatterjee, A., Escobar, V., Fatoyinbo, L., Griffith, P., Guy, M., Healey, S. P., Jacob, D. J., Kennedy, R., Lohrenz, S., McGroddy, M. E., Morales, V., Nehrkorn, T., Ott, L., Saatchi, S., Sepulveda Carlo, E., Serbin, S. P., Tian, H. 2022. The NASA Carbon Monitoring System Phase 2 synthesis: scope, findings, gaps and recommended next steps. Environmental Research Letters. 17(6), 063010. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac7407

Menlove, J., Healey, S. P. 2020. A Comprehensive Forest Biomass Dataset for the USA Allows Customized Validation of Remotely Sensed Biomass Estimates. Remote Sensing. 12(24), 4141. DOI: 10.3390/rs12244141

Patterson, P. L., Healey, S. P., Stahl, G., Saarela, S., Holm, S., Andersen, H., Dubayah, R. O., Duncanson, L., Hancock, S., Armston, J., Kellner, J. R., Cohen, W. B., Yang, Z. 2019. Statistical properties of hybrid estimators proposed for GEDI--NASA's global ecosystem dynamics investigation. Environmental Research Letters. 14(6), 065007. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab18df

Saarela, S., Holm, S., Healey, S., Andersen, H., Petersson, H., Prentius, W., Patterson, P., Naesset, E., Gregoire, T., Stahl, G. 2018. Generalized Hierarchical Model-Based Estimation for Aboveground Biomass Assessment Using GEDI and Landsat Data. Remote Sensing. 10(11), 1832. DOI: 10.3390/rs10111832

Archived Data Citations: Menlove, J., and S.P. Healey. 2021. CMS: Forest Aboveground Biomass from FIA Plots across the Conterminous USA, 2009-2019. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1873


 

Hurtt (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:High-Resolution Carbon Monitoring and Modeling: Continued Prototype Development and Deployment to Regional and National Scales

Science Team
Members:

George Hurtt, University of Maryland (Project Lead)
Ralph Dubayah, University of Maryland
Ritvik Sahajpal, University of Maryland
Hao Tang, National University of Singapore

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Hurtt (CMS 2014)  
Successor Projects: Hurtt (CMS 2020)  
Abstract: The overall goal of our project is the continuing development of a framework for estimating high-resolution forest carbon stocks and dynamics and future carbon sequestration potential using remote sensing and ecosystem modeling linked with existing field observation systems such as the USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) network. In particular, we seek to demonstrate an approach that provides the basis for the rapid expansion from previous prototypes at the county/state-scale to cover a multi-state region encompassing the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) domain, and ultimately the coterminous U.S. Additionally, we prepare for national scale prognostic ecosystem modeling using data from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI). Our intent is to drive the model at 1 km resolution over the lower 48 states using the first year of canopy height observations from GEDI. Specifically, we will address the following objectives: (1) Build upon, extend, and improve our existing methodology for carbon stock estimation and uncertainty based on lessons learned from our Phase 2 studies. (2) Provide wall-to-wall, high-resolution, estimates of carbon stocks, carbon sequestration potential, and their uncertainties for multi-state state RGGI+. (3) Validate and enhance national biomass maps using Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data and high- resolution biomass maps over an expanded domain. (4) Demonstrate MRV efficacy to meet stakeholder needs at regional scale, and a vision for future national-scale deployment. (5) Prototype national scale forest carbon products for CONUS using GEDI data. Our proposed research directly responds to the research topics identified for this phase of CMS. Additionally, data from airborne lidar, airborne optical, and spaceborne platforms are essential to this project as is societal relevance, with active stakeholder engagement planned at state, regional, and national scales.
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Atmospheric Transport
  • Land Biomass
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
  • MRV

Participants:

TeeJay Boudreau, Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
Elliott Campbell, Maryland Department of Natural Resources
Michelle Canick, The Nature Conservancy
Dunbar Carpenter, Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs
Abhishek Chatterjee, NASA JPL
Hong-Hanh Chu, Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs
Greg Czarnecki, Pennsylvania DCNR Bureau of Forestry
Jennifer de Mooy, State of Delaware, Division of Energy and Climate
Philip (Phil) DeCola, University of Maryland
Ralph Dubayah, University of Maryland
Rob Feldt, Maryland Forest Service
Dena Gonsalves, Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
Suzanne Hagell, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Office of Climate Change
Nathan Hultman, University of Maryland
George Hurtt, University of Maryland
Kristofer (Kris) Johnson, USDA Forest Service
Marwa Kamel, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Jimmy Kroon, Delaware Forest Service
Rachel Lamb, Maryland Department of Environment (DEP)
Shawn Lehman, Pennsylvania DCNR Bureau of Forestry
Bennet Leon, Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation
Andrew Lister, USDA Forest Service
Cary Lynch, Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
Lei Ma, University of Maryland
Jeffrey Mapes, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Office of Climate Change
Valeria Morales, University of Maryland
Charles Murphy, Baltimore City Recreation & Parks
Ramakrishna (Rama) Nemani, NASA ARC
Anna Ngai, The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI)
Robert O'Connor, Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs
Lesley Ott, NASA GSFC GMAO
Taejin Park, NASA Ames Research Center / BAERI
Benjamin (Ben) Poulter, NASA GSFC
Nathan Randolph, Baltimore City Recreation & Parks
Nathan Robbins, Maine Department of Environmental Protection
Alexander (Alex) Rudee, World Resources Institute (WRI)
Ritvik Sahajpal, University of Maryland
Carlos Silva, University of Maryland
Chris Skoglund, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Resources
Jared Snyder, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Office of Climate Change
Kari St. Laurent, Delaware DNREC
Don Strebel, Versar, Inc.
Hao Tang, National University of Singapore
Kevin Townsend, Blue Source

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Aboveground biomass with associated uncertainty maps
Time Period:  Variable based on Lidar acquisition dates
Description:  Provide wall-to-wall, high-resolution estimates of carbon stocks and their uncertainties. Develop and test methods for monitoring changes in carbon stocks through time using repeat Lidar data, satellite imagery, and forest inventory data.
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (terrestrial); Uncertainties & Standard Errors
Spatial Extent:  Northeastern U.S. (NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, NH, ME)
Spatial Resolution:  30 m
Temporal Frequency:  Once
Input Data Products:  Discrete return lidar (obtained from USGS/Department of Natural Resources/individual counties), Landsat disturbance, NAIP Imagery
Algorithm/Models Used:  Linear regression models, Random Forests/BMA
Evaluation:  New field plots to validate biomass estimates
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  High resolution validation of national biomass maps over this domain
Uncertainty Estimates:  Pixel-level uncertainty estimates for local scale biomass map
Uncertainty Categories:  model-data comparison, model-model comparison
Application Areas:  - MRV; - Land management; - Land conservation; - Forest inventory; - GHG Inventories
Relevant Policies/Programs:  Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), Clean Power Plan, Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA), Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program (FIA), State and Local Forestry Policies/Programs, and State and Local Climate Action Plans
Potential Users:  State and Local Forestry Offices, as well as Natural Resources Departments in the Northeastern U.S.; RGGI, Chesapeake Conservancy, Chesapeake Bay Program, USDA Forest Service, U.S. EPA
Stakeholders:  Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Cary Lynch, Cary.Lynch@ct.gov); Delaware DNREC (Point of Contact: Jennifer.demooy@deleware.gov); Maine Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Nathan Robbins, Nathan.P.Robbins@maine.gov); Maryland Department of Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Elliott Campbell, elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs (Point of Contact: Hong-Hanh Chu, hong-hanh.chu@state.ma.us); New Hampshire Department of Environmental Resources (Point of Contact: Chris Skoglund, Christopher.Skoglund@des.nh.gov); New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Marwa Kamel, marwa.kamel@dep.nj.gov); Office of Climate Change, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Suzanne Hagell, suzanne.hagell@dec.ny.gov); PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Shawn Lehman, SHLEHMAN@pa.gov); Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (Point of Contact: Tee Jay Boudreau, TeeJay.Boudreau@dem.ri.gov; Dena Gonsalves, dena.gonsalves@dem.ri.gov); State of Delaware, Division of Energy and Climate (Point of Contact: Jennifer DeMooy, Jennifer.DeMooy@delaware.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov); Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Bennet Leon, Bennet.leon@vermont.gov); World Resources Institute (Point of Contact: Alexander Rudee, Alexander.Rudee@wri.org)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Stakeholder Workshop in Year 2 of Project
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
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Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Canopy height and forest/non-forest maps
Time Period:  Variable based on Lidar acquisition dates
Description:  Develop a framework for estimating local-scale, high-resolution carbon stocks and future carbon sequestration potential using remote sensing and ecosystem modeling linked with existing field observation systems such as the USFS Forest Inventory.
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Compositions & Structure (canopy height; forest/non-forest); Uncertainties & Standard Errors
Spatial Extent:  Northeastern U.S. (NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, NH, ME)
Spatial Resolution:  1m and 30m
Temporal Frequency:  Once
Input Data Products:  Discrete return lidar (obtained from USGS/Department of Natural Resources/individual counties), Landsat disturbance, NAIP Imagery
Algorithm/Models Used:  Linear regression models, Random Forests/BMA
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  model-data comparison, model-model comparison
Application Areas:  - MRV; - Land management; - Land conservation; - Forest inventory; - GHG Inventories
Relevant Policies/Programs:  Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), Clean Power Plan, Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA), Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program (FIA), State and Local Forestry Policies/Programs, and State and Local Climate Action Plans
Potential Users:  State and Local Forestry Offices, as well as Natural Resources Departments in the Northeastern U.S.; RGGI, Chesapeake Conservancy, Chesapeake Bay Program, USDA Forest Service, U.S. EPA
Stakeholders:  Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Cary Lynch, Cary.Lynch@ct.gov); Delaware DNREC (Point of Contact: Jennifer.demooy@deleware.gov); Maine Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Nathan Robbins, Nathan.P.Robbins@maine.gov); Maryland Department of Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Elliott Campbell, elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs (Point of Contact: Hong-Hanh Chu, hong-hanh.chu@state.ma.us); New Hampshire Department of Environmental Resources (Point of Contact: Chris Skoglund, Christopher.Skoglund@des.nh.gov); New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Marwa Kamel, marwa.kamel@dep.nj.gov); Office of Climate Change, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Suzanne Hagell, suzanne.hagell@dec.ny.gov); PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Shawn Lehman, SHLEHMAN@pa.gov); Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (Point of Contact: Tee Jay Boudreau, TeeJay.Boudreau@dem.ri.gov; Dena Gonsalves, dena.gonsalves@dem.ri.gov); State of Delaware, Division of Energy and Climate (Point of Contact: Jennifer DeMooy, Jennifer.DeMooy@delaware.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov); Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Bennet Leon, Bennet.leon@vermont.gov); World Resources Institute (Point of Contact: Alexander Rudee, Alexander.Rudee@wri.org)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Stakeholder Workshop in Year 2 of Project
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  ED based maps of carbon sequestration potential
Time Period:  Variable based on Lidar acquisition dates
Description:  Predict carbon sequestration potential under land use and climate change scenarios using ecosystem modeling (ED).
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Sink (terrestrial)
Spatial Extent:  Northeastern U.S. (NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, NH, ME)
Spatial Resolution:  90 m
Temporal Frequency:  Once
Input Data Products:  Discrete return lidar (obtained from USGS/Department of Natural Resources/individual counties), Landsat disturbance, NAIP Imagery
Algorithm/Models Used:  Ecosystem Demography Model
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  - Future climate and response of ecosystems; - Vegetation growth rates, vegetation disturbance rates
Uncertainty Categories:  model-data comparison, model-model comparison
Application Areas:  - MRV; - Land management; - Land conservation; - Forest inventory; - GHG Inventories
Relevant Policies/Programs:  Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), Clean Power Plan, Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA), Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program (FIA), State and Local Forestry Policies/Programs, and State and Local Climate Action Plans
Potential Users:  State and Local Forestry Offices, as well as Natural Resources Departments in the Northeastern U.S.; RGGI, Chesapeake Conservancy, Chesapeake Bay Program, USDA Forest Service, U.S. EPA
Stakeholders:  Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Cary Lynch, Cary.Lynch@ct.gov); Delaware DNREC (Point of Contact: Jennifer.demooy@deleware.gov); Maine Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Nathan Robbins, Nathan.P.Robbins@maine.gov); Maryland Department of Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Elliott Campbell, elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs (Point of Contact: Hong-Hanh Chu, hong-hanh.chu@state.ma.us); New Hampshire Department of Environmental Resources (Point of Contact: Chris Skoglund, Christopher.Skoglund@des.nh.gov); New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Marwa Kamel, marwa.kamel@dep.nj.gov); Office of Climate Change, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Suzanne Hagell, suzanne.hagell@dec.ny.gov); PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Shawn Lehman, SHLEHMAN@pa.gov); Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (Point of Contact: Tee Jay Boudreau, TeeJay.Boudreau@dem.ri.gov; Dena Gonsalves, dena.gonsalves@dem.ri.gov); State of Delaware, Division of Energy and Climate (Point of Contact: Jennifer DeMooy, Jennifer.DeMooy@delaware.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov); Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Bennet Leon, Bennet.leon@vermont.gov); World Resources Institute (Point of Contact: Alexander Rudee, Alexander.Rudee@wri.org)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Stakeholder Workshop in Year 2 of Project
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Prognostic ecosystem model (ED) based maps of carbon stocks and flux
Time Period:  Variable based on Lidar acquisition dates
Description:  Initialize and run a prognostic ecosystem model for carbon at high-spatial resolution over multiple northeastern states.
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass; Land-Atmosphere Flux; MRV
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (terrestrial); Flux/Movement (anthropogenic; terrestrial; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Northeastern U.S. (NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, NH, ME)
Spatial Resolution:  90 m
Temporal Frequency:  Once
Input Data Products:  Discrete return lidar (obtained from USGS/Department of Natural Resources/individual counties), Landsat disturbance, NAIP Imagery
Algorithm/Models Used:  Ecosystem Demography Model
Evaluation:  New field plots to validate biomass estimates; cross validation with empirical biomass maps over domain
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  Intercompare empirical model estimates and process model estimates
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  model-data comparison, model-model comparison
Application Areas:  - MRV; - Land management; - Land conservation; - Forest inventory; - GHG Inventories
Relevant Policies/Programs:  Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), Clean Power Plan, Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA), Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program (FIA), State and Local Forestry Policies/Programs, and State and Local Climate Action Plans
Potential Users:  State and Local Forestry Offices, as well as Natural Resources Departments in the Northeastern U.S.; RGGI, Chesapeake Conservancy, Chesapeake Bay Program, USDA Forest Service, U.S. EPA
Stakeholders:  Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Cary Lynch, Cary.Lynch@ct.gov); Delaware DNREC (Point of Contact: Jennifer.demooy@deleware.gov); Maine Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Nathan Robbins, Nathan.P.Robbins@maine.gov); Maryland Department of Environment (Point of Contact: Rachel Lamb rachel.lamb@maryland.gov); Maryland Department of Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Elliott Campbell, elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs (Point of Contact: Hong-Hanh Chu, hong-hanh.chu@state.ma.us); New Hampshire Department of Environmental Resources (Point of Contact: Chris Skoglund, Christopher.Skoglund@des.nh.gov); New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Marwa Kamel, marwa.kamel@dep.nj.gov); Office of Climate Change, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Suzanne Hagell, suzanne.hagell@dec.ny.gov); PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Shawn Lehman, SHLEHMAN@pa.gov); Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (Point of Contact: Tee Jay Boudreau, TeeJay.Boudreau@dem.ri.gov; Dena Gonsalves, dena.gonsalves@dem.ri.gov); State of Delaware, Division of Energy and Climate (Point of Contact: Jennifer DeMooy, Jennifer.DeMooy@delaware.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov); Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Bennet Leon, Bennet.leon@vermont.gov); World Resources Institute (Point of Contact: Alexander Rudee, Alexander.Rudee@wri.org)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Stakeholder Workshop in Year 2 of Project
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Tree canopy cover
Time Period:  Variable based on Lidar acquisition dates
Description:  This dataset will provide high-resolution estimates at 0.5-m and 1-m spatial resolution of tree canopy cover for the northeastern sates of United States. The data will be derived from county-level Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, leaf-on agricultural imagery, and county building polygon data. The data will be processed with a rules-based expert system which facilitated integration of imagery and LiDAR into a single classification workflow, utilizing the spectral, height, and spatial information contained in the data sets to estimate tree canopy cover.
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Compositions & Structure (forest/non-forest); Uncertainties & Standard Errors
Spatial Extent:  Northeastern U.S. (NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, NH, ME)
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 m and 1 m
Temporal Frequency:  Once
Input Data Products:  Discrete return lidar (obtained from USGS/Department of Natural Resources/individual counties), Landsat disturbance, NAIP Imagery
Algorithm/Models Used:  Linear regression models, Random Forests/BMA
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  - MRV; - Land management; - Land conservation; - Forest inventory; - GHG Inventories
Relevant Policies/Programs:  Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), Clean Power Plan, Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA), Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program (FIA), State and Local Forestry Policies/Programs, and State and Local Climate Action Plans
Potential Users:  State and Local Forestry Offices, as well as Natural Resources Departments in the Northeastern U.S.; RGGI, Chesapeake Conservancy, Chesapeake Bay Program, USDA Forest Service, U.S. EPA
Stakeholders:  Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Cary Lynch, Cary.Lynch@ct.gov); Maine Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Nathan Robbins, Nathan.P.Robbins@maine.gov); Maryland Department of Environment (Point of Contact: Rachel Lamb rachel.lamb@maryland.gov); Maryland Department of Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Elliott Campbell, elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs (Point of Contact: Hong-Hanh Chu, hong-hanh.chu@state.ma.us); New Hampshire Department of Environmental Resources (Point of Contact: Chris Skoglund, Christopher.Skoglund@des.nh.gov); New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (Point of Contact: Marwa Kamel, marwa.kamel@dep.nj.gov); Office of Climate Change, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Suzanne Hagell, suzanne.hagell@dec.ny.gov); PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Shawn Lehman, SHLEHMAN@pa.gov); Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (Point of Contact: Tee Jay Boudreau, TeeJay.Boudreau@dem.ri.gov; Dena Gonsalves, dena.gonsalves@dem.ri.gov); State of Delaware, Division of Energy and Climate (Point of Contact: Jennifer DeMooy, Jennifer.DeMooy@delaware.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov); Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (Point of Contact: Bennet Leon, Bennet.leon@vermont.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  Stakeholder Workshop in Year 2 of Project
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential for Maryland, USA
Start Date:  01/2011      End Date:  12/2011     (nominal year 2011)
Description:  This dataset provides 90-m resolution maps of estimated forest aboveground biomass (Mg/ha) for nominal year 2011 and projections of carbon sequestration potential for the state of Maryland. Estimated biomass and sequestration potential were computed using the Ecosystem Demography (ED) model, which integrates data from multiple sources, including: climate variables from the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) Product, soil variables from the Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), land cover variables from airborne lidar, the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) and the National Land Cover Database (NLCD), and vegetation parameters from the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  State of Maryland
Spatial Resolution:  90 m grid cells
Temporal Frequency:  Nominal year 2011
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Maryland Department of Environment (Point of Contact: Rachel Lamb rachel.lamb@maryland.gov); Maryland Department of Natural Resources (Point of Contact: Elliott Campbell, elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  8
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1660
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1660
Archived Data Citation:  Hurtt, G.C., M. Zhao, R. Sahajpal, A. Armstrong, R. Birdsey, E. Campbell, K. Dolan, R.O. Dubayah, J.P. Fisk, S. Flanagan, C. Huang, W. Huang, K. Johnson, R. Lamb, L. Ma, R. Marks, D. O'Leary III, J. O'Neil-Dunne, A. Swatantran, and H. Tang. 2019. Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential for Maryland, USA. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1660

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-79.52000 East Longitude:-75.05000
North Latitude:39.81000 South Latitude:37.83000

Product Title:  LiDAR Derived Biomass, Canopy Height, and Cover for New England Region, USA, 2015
Start Date:  01/2010      End Date:  12/2015     (2010-2015)
Description:  This dataset provides 30 m gridded estimates of aboveground biomass density (AGBD), forest canopy height, and tree canopy coverage for the New England Region of the U.S., including the state of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island, for the nominal year 2015. It is based on inputs from 1 m resolution Leaf-off LiDAR data collected from 2010 through 2015, high-resolution leaf-on agricultural imagery, and FIA plot-level measurements. Canopy height and tree cover were derived directly from LiDAR data while AGBD was estimated by statistical models that link remote sensing data and FIA plots at the pixel level. Error in AGBD was calculated at the 90% confidence interval. This approach can directly contribute to the formation of a cohesive forest carbon accounting system at national and even international levels, especially via future integrations with NASA's spaceborne LiDAR missions.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Connecticut, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Maine, Rhode Island, Vermont, U.S
Spatial Resolution:  30 m
Temporal Frequency:  Annual and for the nominal year 2015
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Delaware DNREC (Point of Contact: Jennifer.demooy@deleware.gov); Maryland Department of Environment (Point of Contact: Rachel Lamb rachel.lamb@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  7
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1854
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1854
Archived Data Citation:  Tang, H., L. Ma, A.J. Lister, J. O'Neil-Dunne, J. Lu, R. Lamb, R.O. Dubayah, and G.C. Hurtt. 2021. LiDAR Derived Biomass, Canopy Height, and Cover for New England Region, USA, 2015. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1854

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-74.80000 East Longitude:-66.36000
North Latitude:46.76000 South Latitude:39.96000

Product Title:  Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential, Northeastern USA
Start Date:  01/2011      End Date:  12/2011     (2011-01-01 to 2011-12-31)
Description:  This dataset provides 90 m estimates of forest aboveground biomass (Mg/ha) for nominal 2011 and projections of carbon sequestration potential for 11 states in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) domain. The RGGI is a cooperative, market-based effort among States in the eastern United States. Estimated biomass and sequestration potential were computed using the Ecosystem Demography (ED) model. The ED Model integrates several key data including climate variables from Daymet and MERRA2 products; physical soil and hydraulic properties from Probabilistic Remapping of SSURGO (POLARIS) and CONUS-SOIL; land cover characteristics from airborne lidar, the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP), and the National Land Cover Database (NLCD); and vegetation parameters from the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Land Biomass, Land-Atmosphere Flux
Spatial Extent:  Northeastern U.S., from Maryland to Maine
Spatial Resolution:  90 m
Temporal Frequency:  One-time estimate for year 2011
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Delaware DNREC (Point of Contact: Jennifer.demooy@deleware.gov); Maryland Department of Environment (Point of Contact: Rachel Lamb rachel.lamb@maryland.gov); Maryland DNR (Point of Contact: elliott.campbell@maryland.gov); U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1922
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1922
Archived Data Citation:  Ma, L., G.C. Hurtt, H. Tang, R. Lamb, E. Campbell, R.O. Dubayah, M. Guy, W. Huang, J. Lu, A. Rudee, Q. Shen, C.E. Silva, and A.J. Lister. 2022. Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential, Northeastern USA. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1922

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-81.23000 East Longitude:-66.06000
North Latitude:49.02000 South Latitude:36.80000

Product Title:  CMS: Tree Canopy Cover at 0.5-meter resolution, Vermont, 2016
Start Date:  07/2016      End Date:  09/2016     (2016-07-27 to 2016-09-13)
Description:  This dataset contains estimates of tree canopy cover presence at high resolution (0.5m) across the state of Vermont for 2016 in Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF (.tif) format. Tree canopy was derived from 2016 high-resolution remotely sensed data as part of the Vermont High-Resolution Land Cover mapping project. Object-based image analysis techniques (OBIA) were employed to extract potential tree canopy and trees using the best available remotely sensed and vector GIS datasets. OBIA systems work by grouping pixels into meaningful objects based on their spectral and spatial properties, while taking into account boundaries imposed by existing vector datasets. Within the OBIA environment a rule-based expert system was designed to effectively mimic the process of manual image analysis by incorporating the elements of image interpretation (color/tone, texture, pattern, location, size, and shape) into the classification process. A series of morphological procedures were employed to ensure that the end product is both accurate and cartographically pleasing. Following the automated OBIA mapping a detailed manual review of the dataset was carried out at a scale of 1:3000 and all observable errors were corrected. Tree canopy assessments have been conducted for numerous communities throughout the U.S. where the results have been instrumental in helping to establish tree canopy goals.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  vegetation, canopy characteristics, forests, terrestrial ecosystems
Spatial Extent:  Vermont, USA
Spatial Resolution:  0.5m
Temporal Frequency:  One-time estimate
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  U.S. Forest Service (Point of Contact: Andrew Lister andrew.lister@usda.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2072
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2072
Archived Data Citation:  O'Neil-Dunne, J., E. Buford, S. Macfaden, and A. Royar. 2022. CMS: Tree Canopy Cover at 0.5-meter resolution, Vermont, 2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2072

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-73.49000 East Longitude:-71.46000
North Latitude:45.02000 South Latitude:42.70000

 
Publications: Basu, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Karki, M., DiBiano, R., Ganguly, S., Nemani, R., Gayaka, S. 2018. Deep neural networks for texture classification--A theoretical analysis. Neural Networks. 97, 173-182. DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2017.10.001

Chini, L., Hurtt, G., Sahajpal, R., Frolking, S., Klein Goldewijk, K., Sitch, S., Ganzenmuller, R., Ma, L., Ott, L., Pongratz, J., Poulter, B. Land-Use Harmonization Datasets for Annual Global Carbon Budgets DOI: 10.5194/essd-2020-388

Dolan, K. A., Hurtt, G. C., Flanagan, S. A., Fisk, J. P., Sahajpal, R., Huang, C., Page, Y. L., Dubayah, R., Masek, J. G. 2017. Disturbance Distance: quantifying forests' vulnerability to disturbance under current and future conditions. Environmental Research Letters. 12(11), 114015. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8ea9

Fisher, R. A., Koven, C. D., Anderegg, W. R. L., Christoffersen, B. O., Dietze, M. C., Farrior, C. E., Holm, J. A., Hurtt, G. C., Knox, R. G., Lawrence, P. J., Lichstein, J. W., Longo, M., Matheny, A. M., Medvigy, D., Muller-Landau, H. C., Powell, T. L., Serbin, S. P., Sato, H., Shuman, J. K., Smith, B., Trugman, A. T., Viskari, T., Verbeeck, H., Weng, E., Xu, C., Xu, X., Zhang, T., Moorcroft, P. R. 2017. Vegetation demographics in Earth System Models: A review of progress and priorities. Global Change Biology. 24(1), 35-54. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13910

Flanagan, S. A., Hurtt, G. C., Fisk, J. P., Sahajpal, R., Zhao, M., Dubayah, R., Hansen, M. C., Sullivan, J. H., Collatz, G. J. 2019. Potential Transient Response of Terrestrial Vegetation and Carbon in Northern North America from Climate Change. Climate. 7(9), 113. DOI: 10.3390/cli7090113

Huang, W., Dolan, K., Swatantran, A., Johnson, K., Tang, H., O'Neil-Dunne, J., Dubayah, R., Hurtt, G. 2019. High-resolution mapping of aboveground biomass for forest carbon monitoring system in the Tri-State region of Maryland, Pennsylvania and Delaware, USA. Environmental Research Letters. 14(9), 095002. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab2917

Huang, W., Swatantran, A., Duncanson, L., Johnson, K., Watkinson, D., Dolan, K., O'Neil-Dunne, J., Hurtt, G., Dubayah, R. 2017. County-scale biomass map comparison: a case study for Sonoma, California. Carbon Management. 8(5-6), 417-434. DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2017.1396840

Hurtt, G. C., Andrews, A., Bowman, K., Brown, M. E., Chatterjee, A., Escobar, V., Fatoyinbo, L., Griffith, P., Guy, M., Healey, S. P., Jacob, D. J., Kennedy, R., Lohrenz, S., McGroddy, M. E., Morales, V., Nehrkorn, T., Ott, L., Saatchi, S., Sepulveda Carlo, E., Serbin, S. P., Tian, H. 2022. The NASA Carbon Monitoring System Phase 2 synthesis: scope, findings, gaps and recommended next steps. Environmental Research Letters. 17(6), 063010. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac7407

Hurtt, G. C., Chini, L., Sahajpal, R., Frolking, S., Bodirsky, B. L., Calvin, K., Doelman, J. C., Fisk, J., Fujimori, S., Klein Goldewijk, K., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Heinimann, A., Humpenoder, F., Jungclaus, J., Kaplan, J. O., Kennedy, J., Krisztin, T., Lawrence, D., Lawrence, P., Ma, L., Mertz, O., Pongratz, J., Popp, A., Poulter, B., Riahi, K., Shevliakova, E., Stehfest, E., Thornton, P., Tubiello, F. N., van Vuuren, D. P., Zhang, X. 2020. Harmonization of global land use change and management for the period 850-2100 (LUH2) for CMIP6. Geoscientific Model Development. 13(11), 5425-5464. DOI: 10.5194/gmd-13-5425-2020

Hurtt, G., Zhao, M., Sahajpal, R., Armstrong, A., Birdsey, R., Campbell, E., Dolan, K., Dubayah, R., Fisk, J. P., Flanagan, S., Huang, C., Huang, W., Johnson, K., Lamb, R., Ma, L., Marks, R., O'Leary, D., O'Neil-Dunne, J., Swatantran, A., Tang, H. 2019. Beyond MRV: high-resolution forest carbon modeling for climate mitigation planning over Maryland, USA. Environmental Research Letters. 14(4), 045013. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab0bbe

Kumar, U., Ganguly, S., Nemani, R. R., Raja, K. S., Milesi, C., Sinha, R., Michaelis, A., Votava, P., Hashimoto, H., Li, S., Wang, W., Kalia, S., Gayaka, S. 2017. Exploring Subpixel Learning Algorithms for Estimating Global Land Cover Fractions from Satellite Data Using High Performance Computing. Remote Sensing. 9(11), 1105. DOI: 10.3390/rs9111105

Lamb, R. L., Hurtt, G. C., Boudreau, T. J., Campbell, E., Sepulveda Carlo, E. A., Chu, H., de Mooy, J., Dubayah, R. O., Gonsalves, D., Guy, M., Hultman, N. E., Lehman, S., Leon, B., Lister, A. J., Lynch, C., Ma, L., Martin, C., Robbins, N., Rudee, A., Silva, C. E., Skoglund, C., Tang, H. 2021. Context and future directions for integrating forest carbon into sub-national climate mitigation planning in the RGGI region of the U.S. Environmental Research Letters. 16(6), 063001. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abe6c2

Lamb, R. L., Ma, L., Sahajpal, R., Edmonds, J., Hultman, N. E., Dubayah, R. O., Kennedy, J., Hurtt, G. C. 2021. Geospatial assessment of the economic opportunity for reforestation in Maryland, USA. Environmental Research Letters. 16(8), 084012. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac109a

Ma, L., Hurtt, G. C., Chini, L. P., Sahajpal, R., Pongratz, J., Frolking, S., Stehfest, E., Klein Goldewijk, K., O'Leary, D., Doelman, J. C. 2020. Global rules for translating land-use change (LUH2) to land-cover change for CMIP6 using GLM2. Geoscientific Model Development. 13(7), 3203-3220. DOI: 10.5194/gmd-13-3203-2020

Ma, L., Hurtt, G., Ott, L., Sahajpal, R., Fisk, J., Lamb, R., Tang, H., Flanagan, S., Chini, L., Chatterjee, A., Sullivan, J. Global Evaluation of the Ecosystem Demography Model (ED v3.0) DOI: 10.5194/gmd-2021-292

Ma, L., Hurtt, G., Tang, H., Lamb, R., Campbell, E., Dubayah, R., Guy, M., Huang, W., Lister, A., Lu, J., O'Neil-Dunne, J., Rudee, A., Shen, Q., Silva, C. 2021. High-resolution forest carbon modelling for climate mitigation planning over the RGGI region, USA. Environmental Research Letters. 16(4), 045014. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abe4f4

McDowell, N. G., Allen, C. D., Anderson-Teixeira, K., Aukema, B. H., Bond-Lamberty, B., Chini, L., Clark, J. S., Dietze, M., Grossiord, C., Hanbury-Brown, A., Hurtt, G. C., Jackson, R. B., Johnson, D. J., Kueppers, L., Lichstein, J. W., Ogle, K., Poulter, B., Pugh, T. A. M., Seidl, R., Turner, M. G., Uriarte, M., Walker, A. P., Xu, C. 2020. Pervasive shifts in forest dynamics in a changing world. Science. 368(6494). DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz9463

Tang, H., Ma, L., Lister, A., O'Neill-Dunne, J., Lu, J., Lamb, R. L., Dubayah, R., Hurtt, G. 2021. High-resolution forest carbon mapping for climate mitigation baselines over the RGGI region, USA. Environmental Research Letters. 16(3), 035011. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abd2ef

Archived Data Citations: Hurtt, G.C., M. Zhao, R. Sahajpal, A. Armstrong, R. Birdsey, E. Campbell, K. Dolan, R.O. Dubayah, J.P. Fisk, S. Flanagan, C. Huang, W. Huang, K. Johnson, R. Lamb, L. Ma, R. Marks, D. O'Leary III, J. O'Neil-Dunne, A. Swatantran, and H. Tang. 2019. Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential for Maryland, USA. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1660

Tang, H., L. Ma, A.J. Lister, J. O'Neil-Dunne, J. Lu, R. Lamb, R.O. Dubayah, and G.C. Hurtt. 2021. LiDAR Derived Biomass, Canopy Height, and Cover for New England Region, USA, 2015. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1854

Ma, L., G.C. Hurtt, H. Tang, R. Lamb, E. Campbell, R.O. Dubayah, M. Guy, W. Huang, J. Lu, A. Rudee, Q. Shen, C.E. Silva, and A.J. Lister. 2022. Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential, Northeastern USA. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1922

O'Neil-Dunne, J., E. Buford, S. Macfaden, and A. Royar. 2022. CMS: Tree Canopy Cover at 0.5-meter resolution, Vermont, 2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2072


 

Jacob (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Improved understanding of methane emissions and trends in North America and globally through a unified top-down and bottom-up approach exploiting GOSAT and TROPOMI satellite data

Science Team
Members:

Daniel Jacob, Harvard University (Project Lead)
Alexis (Anthony) Bloom, Jet Propulsion Lab, California Institute of Technology

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Jacob (CMS 2014)  
Successor Projects: Jacob (CMS 2020)  
Abstract: We propose to continue our work on the NASA CMS Science Team to improve knowledge of methane emissions in North America and globally through the exploitation of satellite data and in service to stakeholders. There is considerable need to assess gaps in national methane emission inventories, including contributions from different sectors. The resumed growth in global atmospheric methane over the past decade has attracted much attention but its cause is still being debated. Our work will advance understanding by bridging the gap between top-down information from atmospheric methane observations (satellite and suborbital) and bottom-up information from process-based inventories. We will use state-of-science, policy-relevant national emission inventories, including error estimates, to serve as prior information in inversions of satellite data from GOSAT (2009-present) and TROPOMI (2017 launch). From there we will be able to evaluate these inventories and provide guidance for improvements. The long, high- quality record from GOSAT will provide strong constraints on regional sources and unique insight into the factors driving the methane trend. TROPOMI with its global daily coverage is expected to considerably increase our ability to quantify methane emissions from space including seasonal variations. Our work will build on a strong collaboration with EPA already developed through CMS. This collaboration has produced a spatially resolved version of the national Greenhouse Gas Inventory (GHGI) including scale-dependent error estimates. We will apply this inventory as prior estimate for inversions of satellite data, and work with EPA in the interpretation of results to evaluate and improve the GHGI. We have also developed an ensemble-based global wetland emission inventory (WetCHARTs) that we will use in our inversions to narrow uncertainty in biogeochemical process controls. We will develop new collaborations with Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) and the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático (INECC) to produce spatially resolved versions of their national inventories, enabling evaluation of these inventories with satellite data through our inversion framework. We will apply innovative inverse methods to achieve high-resolution constraints on methane emissions and trends, for North America and globally, with full error characterization. Suborbital data (NOAA, TCCON sites; ATom, SONGNEX, CARVE, SEAC4RS, ACT-America aircraft campaigns) will be used at all stages of the analysis. Specific tasks for the project will involve: (1) Interpret the GOSAT satellite record (2009-present) using advanced inverse methods, and together with suborbital data, to constrain methane emissions and their trends with full error characterization, globally and for North America at high resolution; (2) Apply inversion results to evaluate national methane inventories for the US, Canada, and Mexico, working in collaboration with EPA, ECCC, and INECC; (3) Narrow uncertainties in wetland emissions and the underlying process controls by applying inversion error reductions to a large ensemble of bottom-up inventories; (4) Start interpreting TROPOMI observations as soon as they become available (expected mid-2018) to improve top-down constraints on methane emissions including seasonal information.
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux

Participants:

Ilse Aben, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Ramon Alvarez, Environmental Defense Fund
Arlyn Andrews, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
Alexis (Anthony) Bloom, Jet Propulsion Lab, California Institute of Technology
Kevin Bowman, JPL
Ritesh Gautam, Environmental Defense Fund
Steven Hamburg, Environmental Defense Fund
William (Bill) Irving, U.S. EPA Climate Change Division
Daniel Jacob, Harvard University
Joannes Maasakkers, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Michael (Mike) Moran, Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC)
Hannah Nesser, JPL
Claudia (Claudia Octaviano) Octaviano Villasana, Mexican National Institute of Ecology and Climate Change (INECC Mexico)
Zhen Qu, North Carolina State University
Ben Ratner, Environmental Defense Fund
Tia Scarpelli, University of Edinburgh
Lu Shen, Harvard University
Daniel Varon, Harvard University
Melissa Weitz, U.S. EPA Climate Change Division
Tom Wirth, Environmental Protection Agency

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Gridded inventory of Mexico's anthropogenic methane emissions
Start Date:  01/2015      End Date:  12/2015     (2015)
Description:  This is a 0.1 x 0.1 degree gridded emission inventory of Mexico's 2015 anthropogenic methane emissions based on Mexico's National Inventory of Greenhouse Gases and Compounds as reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This dataset includes separate gridded inventory files for each emission sector and subsector reported in Mexico's national inventory, and we provided further breakdown for oil and gas subsectors. Emissions are allocated using a collection of national datasets, resolving municipalities and point sources.
There is a netCDF file for each emission sector. Each netCDF contains gridded variables for (1) total sector emissions with the extension "_total", (2) corresponding subsector and source type emissions, and (3) latitude and longitude. All gridded variables are at 0.1 x 0.1 degree resolution with the latitude and longitude points referencing the center of each grid cell. Codes used to represent sectors, subsectors, and source types follow the definitions in Mexico's national inventory and the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux; MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Mexico
Spatial Resolution:  0.1 x 0.1 degree
Temporal Frequency:  annual
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Rocky Mountain Institute (Point of Contact: Deborah Gordon)
Current Application Readiness Level:  9
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  Harvard Dataverse
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/5FUTWM
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/5FUTWM
Archived Data Citation:  Scarpelli, Tia R; Jacob, Daniel J.; Octaviano Villasana, Claudia A.; Ramírez Hernández, Irma F.; Cárdenas Moreno, Paulina R.; Cortés Alfaro, Eunice A.; García García, Miguel Á.; Zavala-Araiza, Daniel, 2020, 'Gridded inventory of Mexico's anthropogenic methane emissions', DOI: 10.7910/DVN/5FUTWM, Harvard Dataverse, V1

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-119.05000 East Longitude:-84.95000
North Latitude:33.95000 South Latitude:13.05000

Product Title:  Global Inventory of Methane Emissions from Fuel Exploitation V1 (GFEI_CH4)
Start Date:  01/2016      End Date:  12/2016
Description:  This is a global inventory of methane emissions from fuel exploitation (GFEI) created for the NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS). The emission sources represented in this dataset include fugitive emission sources from oil, gas, and coal exploitation following IPCC 2006 definitions and are estimated using bottom-up methods. The inventory emissions are based on individual country reports submitted in accordance with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). For those countries that do not report, the emissions are estimated following IPCC 2006 methods. Emissions are allocated to infrastructure locations including mines, wells, pipelines, compressor stations, storage facilities, processing plants, and refineries.
The purpose of the inventory is to be used as a prior estimate of fuel exploitation emissions in inverse modeling of atmospheric methane observations. GFEI only includes fugitive methane emissions from oil, gas, and coal exploitation activities and does not include any combustion emissions as defined in IPCC 2006 category 1A.
The CMS program is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System uses NASA observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS data products are designed to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.1x0.1 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  EDF (Point of Contact: Ritesh Gautam, Daniel Zavala); EPA (Point of Contact: Bill Irving and his group in the Climate Change Division); Rocky Mountain Institute (Point of Contact: Deborah Gordon)
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  March 2019
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.5067/Q28GFYJYFZ7H

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/HH4EUM
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.5067/Q28GFYJYFZ7H

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/HH4EUM
Archived Data Citation:  Scarpelli, Tia R.; Jacob, Daniel J.; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Sulprizio, Melissa P.; Sheng, Jian-Xiong; Rose, Kelly; Romeo, Lucy; Worden, John R.; Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, 2021, 'Global Inventory of Methane Emissions from Fuel Exploitation', Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), DOI: 10.5067/Q28GFYJYFZ7H

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Global methane fluxes optimized with GOSAT data for 2010-2018 V1 (CMSGCH4F)
Start Date:  01/2010      End Date:  12/2018     (2010-2018)
Description:  This dataset provides global methane fluxes optimized with GOSAT data for 2010-2018. It is supported by the Carbon Monitoring System project. The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System uses NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS data products are designed to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  4 degrees by 5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  GOSAT
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  EDF (Point of Contact: Ritesh Gautam, Daniel Zavala); Rocky Mountain Institute (Point of Contact: Deborah Gordon)
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/FPKC6Q6SGWE0
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/FPKC6Q6SGWE0
Archived Data Citation:  Yuzhong Zhang & Daniel Jacob (2021), Global methane fluxes optimized with GOSAT data for 2010-2018, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/FPKC6Q6SGWE0

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:-180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  High-resolution mean North American methane fluxes for 2010-2015 optimized with GOSAT satellite data V1 (CMS_HR_MNA_CH4_FLUX)
Start Date:  01/2010      End Date:  12/2015     (2010-2015)
Description:  This data set contains estimates of methane emission in North America based on an inversion of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model constrained by Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) observations.

The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  North America
Spatial Resolution:  0.1x0.1 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  Annual
Input Data Products:  agency data
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  EDF (Point of Contact: Ritesh Gautam, Daniel Zavala); Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) (Point of Contact: Mike Moran mike.moran@canada.ca); EPA (Point of Contact: Bill Irving and his group in the Climate Change Division); INECC (Mexico) (Point of Contact: Claudia Octaviano Villasana claudia.octaviano@inecc.gob.mx)
Current Application Readiness Level:  9
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/HD8VRAZN65CL
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/HD8VRAZN65CL
Archived Data Citation:  Joannes D. Maasakkers & Daniel J. Jacob (2021), High-resolution mean North American methane fluxes for 2010-2015 optimized with GOSAT satellite data, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/HD8VRAZN65CL

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-140.00000 East Longitude:-40.00000
North Latitude:70.00000 South Latitude:10.00000

 
Publications: Alvarez, R. A., Zavala-Araiza, D., Lyon, D. R., Allen, D. T., Barkley, Z. R., Brandt, A. R., Davis, K. J., Herndon, S. C., Jacob, D. J., Karion, A., Kort, E. A., Lamb, B. K., Lauvaux, T., Maasakkers, J. D., Marchese, A. J., Omara, M., Pacala, S. W., Peischl, J., Robinson, A. L., Shepson, P. B., Sweeney, C., Townsend-Small, A., Wofsy, S. C., Hamburg, S. P. 2018. Assessment of methane emissions from the U.S. oil and gas supply chain. Science. eaar7204. DOI: 10.1126/science.aar7204

Cusworth, D. H., Jacob, D. J., Sheng, J., Benmergui, J., Turner, A. J., Brandman, J., White, L., Randles, C. A. 2018. Detecting high-emitting methane sources in oil/gas fields using satellite observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 18(23), 16885-16896. DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-16885-2018

Cusworth, D. H., Jacob, D. J., Varon, D. J., Chan Miller, C., Liu, X., Chance, K., Thorpe, A. K., Duren, R. M., Miller, C. E., Thompson, D. R., Frankenberg, C., Guanter, L., Randles, C. A. 2019. Potential of next-generation imaging spectrometers to detect and quantify methane point sources from space. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 12(10), 5655-5668. DOI: 10.5194/amt-12-5655-2019

Lu, X., Jacob, D. J., Zhang, Y., Maasakkers, J. D., Sulprizio, M. P., Shen, L., Qu, Z., Scarpelli, T. R., Nesser, H., Yantosca, R. M., Sheng, J., Andrews, A., Parker, R. J., Boesch, H., Bloom, A. A., Ma, S. 2021. Global methane budget and trend, 2010-2017: complementarity of inverse analyses using in situ (GLOBALVIEWplus CH<sub>4</sub> ObsPack) and satellite (GOSAT) observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21(6), 4637-4657. DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-4637-2021

Maasakkers, J. D., Jacob, D. J., Sulprizio, M. P., Scarpelli, T. R., Nesser, H., Sheng, J., Zhang, Y., Hersher, M., Bloom, A. A., Bowman, K. W., Worden, J. R., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Parker, R. J. 2019. Global distribution of methane emissions, emission trends, and OH concentrations and trends inferred from an inversion of GOSAT satellite data for 2010-2015. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 19(11), 7859-7881. DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-7859-2019

Maasakkers, J. D., Jacob, D. J., Sulprizio, M. P., Scarpelli, T. R., Nesser, H., Sheng, J., Zhang, Y., Lu, X., Bloom, A. A., Bowman, K. W., Worden, J. R., Parker, R. J. 2021. 2010-2015 North American methane emissions, sectoral contributions, and trends: a high-resolution inversion of GOSAT observations of atmospheric methane. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21(6), 4339-4356. DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-4339-2021

Parker, R. J., Boesch, H., McNorton, J., Comyn-Platt, E., Gloor, M., Wilson, C., Chipperfield, M. P., Hayman, G. D., Bloom, A. A. 2018. Evaluating year-to-year anomalies in tropical wetland methane emissions using satellite CH4 observations. Remote Sensing of Environment. 211, 261-275. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2018.02.011

Parker, R. J., Wilson, C., Bloom, A. A., Comyn-Platt, E., Hayman, G., McNorton, J., Boesch, H., Chipperfield, M. P. 2020. Exploring constraints on a wetland methane emission ensemble (WetCHARTs) using GOSAT observations. Biogeosciences. 17(22), 5669-5691. DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-5669-2020

Scarpelli, T. R., Jacob, D. J., Maasakkers, J. D., Sulprizio, M. P., Sheng, J., Rose, K., Romeo, L., Worden, J. R., Janssens-Maenhout, G. 2020. A global gridded (0.1deg x 0.1deg) inventory of methane emissions from oil, gas, and coal exploitation based on national reports to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Earth System Science Data. 12(1), 563-575. DOI: 10.5194/essd-12-563-2020

Scarpelli, T. R., Jacob, D. J., Octaviano Villasana, C. A., Ramirez Hernandez, I. F., Cardenas Moreno, P. R., Cortes Alfaro, E. A., Garcia Garcia, M. A., Zavala-Araiza, D. 2020. A gridded inventory of anthropogenic methane emissions from Mexico based on Mexico's national inventory of greenhouse gases and compounds. Environmental Research Letters. 15(10), 105015. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abb42b

Shen, L., Zavala-Araiza, D., Gautam, R., Omara, M., Scarpelli, T., Sheng, J., Sulprizio, M. P., Zhuang, J., Zhang, Y., Qu, Z., Lu, X., Hamburg, S. P., Jacob, D. J. 2021. Unravelling a large methane emission discrepancy in Mexico using satellite observations. Remote Sensing of Environment. 260, 112461. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112461

Sheng, J., Jacob, D. J., Maasakkers, J. D., Zhang, Y., Sulprizio, M. P. 2018. Comparative analysis of low-Earth orbit (TROPOMI) and geostationary (GeoCARB, GEO-CAPE) satellite instruments for constraining methane emissions on fine regional scales: application to the Southeast US. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 11(12), 6379-6388. DOI: 10.5194/amt-11-6379-2018

Sheng, J., Jacob, D. J., Turner, A. J., Maasakkers, J. D., Benmergui, J., Bloom, A. A., Arndt, C., Gautam, R., Zavala-Araiza, D., Boesch, H., Parker, R. J. 2018. 2010-2016 methane trends over Canada, the United States, and Mexico observed by the GOSAT satellite: contributions from different source sectors. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 18(16), 12257-12267. DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-12257-2018

Sheng, J., Jacob, D. J., Turner, A. J., Maasakkers, J. D., Sulprizio, M. P., Bloom, A. A., Andrews, A. E., Wunch, D. 2018. High-resolution inversion of methane emissions in the Southeast US using SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS aircraft observations of atmospheric methane: anthropogenic and wetland sources. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 18(9), 6483-6491. DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-6483-2018

Treat, C. C., Bloom, A. A., Marushchak, M. E. 2018. Nongrowing season methane emissions-a significant component of annual emissions across northern ecosystems. Global Change Biology. 24(8), 3331-3343. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14137

Turner, A. J., Jacob, D. J., Benmergui, J., Brandman, J., White, L., Randles, C. A. 2018. Assessing the capability of different satellite observing configurations to resolve the distribution of methane emissions at kilometer scales. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 18(11), 8265-8278. DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-8265-2018

Varon, D. J., Jacob, D. J., Jervis, D., McKeever, J. 2020. Quantifying Time-Averaged Methane Emissions from Individual Coal Mine Vents with GHGSat-D Satellite Observations. Environmental Science & Technology. 54(16), 10246-10253. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01213

Varon, D. J., Jacob, D. J., McKeever, J., Jervis, D., Durak, B. O. A., Xia, Y., Huang, Y. 2018. Quantifying methane point sources from fine-scale satellite observations of atmospheric methane plumes. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 11(10), 5673-5686. DOI: 10.5194/amt-11-5673-2018

Varon, D. J., Jervis, D., McKeever, J., Spence, I., Gains, D., Jacob, D. J. 2021. High-frequency monitoring of anomalous methane point sources with multispectral Sentinel-2 satellite observations. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 14(4), 2771-2785. DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-2771-2021

Varon, D. J., McKeever, J., Jervis, D., Maasakkers, J. D., Pandey, S., Houweling, S., Aben, I., Scarpelli, T., Jacob, D. J. 2019. Satellite Discovery of Anomalously Large Methane Point Sources From Oil/Gas Production. Geophysical Research Letters. 46(22), 13507-13516. DOI: 10.1029/2019GL083798

Zhang, Y., Gautam, R., Zavala-Araiza, D., Jacob, D. J., Zhang, R., Zhu, L., Sheng, J., Scarpelli, T. 2019. Satellite-Observed Changes in Mexico's Offshore Gas Flaring Activity Linked to Oil/Gas Regulations. Geophysical Research Letters. 46(3), 1879-1888. DOI: 10.1029/2018GL081145

Zhang, Y., Jacob, D. J., Lu, X., Maasakkers, J. D., Scarpelli, T. R., Sheng, J., Shen, L., Qu, Z., Sulprizio, M. P., Chang, J., Bloom, A. A., Ma, S., Worden, J., Parker, R. J., Boesch, H. 2021. Attribution of the accelerating increase in atmospheric methane during 2010-2018 by inverse analysis of GOSAT observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21(5), 3643-3666. DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-3643-2021

Zhang, Y., Jacob, D. J., Maasakkers, J. D., Sulprizio, M. P., Sheng, J., Gautam, R., Worden, J. 2018. Monitoring global tropospheric OH concentrations using satellite observations of atmospheric methane. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 18(21), 15959-15973. DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-15959-2018

Archived Data Citations: Yuzhong Zhang & Daniel Jacob (2021), Global methane fluxes optimized with GOSAT data for 2010-2018, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/FPKC6Q6SGWE0

Scarpelli, Tia R.; Jacob, Daniel J.; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Sulprizio, Melissa P.; Sheng, Jian-Xiong; Rose, Kelly; Romeo, Lucy; Worden, John R.; Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, 2021, 'Global Inventory of Methane Emissions from Fuel Exploitation', Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), DOI: 10.5067/Q28GFYJYFZ7H

Joannes D. Maasakkers & Daniel J. Jacob (2021), High-resolution mean North American methane fluxes for 2010-2015 optimized with GOSAT satellite data, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/HD8VRAZN65CL

Scarpelli, Tia R; Jacob, Daniel J.; Octaviano Villasana, Claudia A.; Ramírez Hernández, Irma F.; Cárdenas Moreno, Paulina R.; Cortés Alfaro, Eunice A.; García García, Miguel Á.; Zavala-Araiza, Daniel, 2020, 'Gridded inventory of Mexico's anthropogenic methane emissions', DOI: 10.7910/DVN/5FUTWM, Harvard Dataverse, V1


 

Ott (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:GEOS-Carb III: Delivering mature carbon flux and concentration datasets in support of NASA's Carbon Monitoring System

Science Team
Members:

Lesley Ott, NASA GSFC GMAO (Project Lead)
Stephan (Randy) Kawa, NASA GSFC
Benjamin (Ben) Poulter, NASA GSFC
Cecile Rousseaux, NASA GSFC

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Ott (CMS 2014)  
Successor Projects: Ott (CMS 2020)  
Abstract: This proposal is to extend NASA GSFC's contributions to the Carbon Monitoring System (CMS). Since its 2010 inception, these efforts by GSFC-based modeling teams have continuously provided the only complete and physically consistent set of global flux and atmospheric concentration data products to CMS. The proposed work will draw on the unique capabilities of NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) models and data assimilation system and consists of three main components: (i) production and refinement of observationally constrained 'bottom-up' atmosphere-ocean and atmosphere- land biosphere fluxes, and fossil fuel emissions from 2003 to 2019; (ii) production of global carbon reanalyses at unprecedented spatial resolution that incorporate multiple satellite (GOSAT, OCO-2) and in situ datasets; (iii) evaluation of 'bottom-up' flux estimates through comparison with 'top-down' inversion flux estimates. A central component of these efforts has been the use of meteorological forcing provided by NASA's Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications 2 (MERRA- 2) to produce a consistent picture of the interactions between weather, climate, and the carbon cycle. By extending land and ocean model-based flux estimates over a 17-year period that includes notable climatic variability, we will evaluate the ability of these models to reproduce the interannual variability of atmospheric carbon observations. These flux estimates will also incorporate a number of improvements implemented during earlier phases of CMS and refine methods of uncertainty quantification. We will use a combination of diagnostic and prognostic land biosphere models to enhance understanding of carbon flux processes. Ocean flux estimates will be further constrained through assimilation of multiple satellite ocean color observations. We will also exploit information on meteorological uncertainty produced by GMAO's new ensemble-based data assimilation system to refine transport uncertainty estimates that were provided for the first time in Phase 3 of CMS. These ocean and land fluxes, fossil fuel emissions and their associated uncertainties will be used together in the GEOS-5 carbon data assimilation system (CDAS) to produce a carbon reanalysis at 12.5-km resolution, providing the most complete, data-driven picture of atmospheric greenhouse gases to date. An important component of this effort will be to reduce the latency of flux datasets, providing information on the global carbon in support of scientific and stakeholder end- users.
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
  • Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux

Participants:

Nikolay Balashov, NASA GSFC / ESSIC UMD
Abhishek Chatterjee, NASA JPL
George (Jim) Collatz, NASA GSFC - retired
Scott Denning, Colorado State University
Watson Gregg, NASA GSFC
George Hurtt, University of Maryland
Stephan (Randy) Kawa, NASA GSFC
Tomohiro (Tom) Oda, USRA
Lesley Ott, NASA GSFC GMAO
Steven Pawson, NASA GSFC GMAO
Benjamin (Ben) Poulter, NASA GSFC
James (Jim) Randerson, University Of California, Irvine
Miguel Román, NASA GSFC / USRA
Cecile Rousseaux, NASA GSFC
Brad Weir, NASA GSFC GMAO / GESTAR USRA

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO Reanalysis - Column concentrations
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2016)
Description:  - Provide CO and CO2 reanalysis
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5° x 0.5°
Temporal Frequency:  Daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft obs
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  - GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  - Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO2 Uncertainty due to Transport
Time Period:  2003-2016
Description:  - Provide simulated atmospheric CO and CO2 concentrations and associated uncertainties

This work builds on earlier work and Previous products available at GMAO ftp site ftp://gmaoftp.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/lott/CMS_monthly_average/
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5° x 0.5°
Temporal Frequency:  Daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, NOBM, ODIAC, CASA-GFED fluxes
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against surface, aircraft, TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, MOPITT
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Incorporate flux uncertainty estimates; ensembles with altered model physics to evaluate transport error
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and ensemble
Application Areas:  - GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  - Continue improving estimates using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Transport uncertainty remains difficult to quantify, validation datasets do not provide global coverage or sufficient information on vertical gradients
Date When Product Available:  CO and CO2 simulations using best available fluxes by 9/15, simulations using updated fluxes and with uncertainty estimates by 9/16, updated 9/17
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb NOBM Monthly Ocean Fluxes
Time Period:  2003-2016
Description:  Provide ocean-atmosphere flux estimates.; - Quantify uncertainties.

This work builds on earlier efforts and we have made the results from those efforts available:
Gregg, W. and C. Rousseaux. 2013. CMS- Flux Pilot Project Ocean-Atmosphere Fluxes 2003- 2012 NOBM Model. Data set. Available online from the GMAO ftp site: ftp://gmaoftp.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/NOBM/FCO2/
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Ocean-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Flux/Movement (; oceanic; ; atmospheric); ; Uncertainties & Standard Errors
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5° x 0.5°
Temporal Frequency:  Monthly
Input Data Products:  NASA's Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications 2 (MERRA-2), MODIS/VIIRS Chlorophyll, VIIRS Particulate Inorganic Carbon, OCO-2/GOSAT
Algorithm/Models Used:  NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM), Modular Ocean Model (MOM), GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison with in situ database (LDEO), comparison with SOCAT derived flux estimates, atmospheric CO2 measurements (in situ, aircraft, OCO-2, GOSAT)
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Quantify uncertainty due to atmospheric CO2 forcing, comparison with LDEO, SOCAT estimates. Impact of meteorological reanalyses already quantified.
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  ; - Global carbon budget calculations; - Ocean changes
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  - Continue improving the model using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Difficult to assess in Southern Ocean due to sparse data coverage
Date When Product Available:  2003-2012 Fluxes already available, Improved 2003-2015 fluxes with uncertainty estimates provided 9/16, Updated through 2016 9/17
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb ODIAC Monthly Fossil Fuel Emissions and Uncertainty
Time Period:  2003-2016
Description:  - Quantify uncertainties of fossil fuel emissions estimates

cite as Oda, T. 2014. Odiac emissions dataset. Data available from the ODIAC website: http://www.odiac.org/
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Land-Atmosphere Flux; MRV
Keywords:  Source (; anthropogenic;); ; Uncertainties & Standard Errors
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5° x 0.5°
Temporal Frequency:  Yearly
Input Data Products:  CDIAC and EDGAR emissions inventories, DMSP/VIIRS night lights,
Algorithm/Models Used:  ODIAC
Evaluation:  Comparison against other emissions inventories, surface and column atmospheric CO2 observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against other emissions inventories; application of differing literature estimates of national FF uncertainty, seasonality, disaggregation method
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-model comparison
Application Areas:  - GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  - Continue improving estimates using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Emissions estimates difficult to validate at fine spatial scales, particularly in developing regions
Date When Product Available:  Emissions data available online; Uncertainty estimates to be delivered 9/16, updated 9/17
Metadata URL(s):
Included with data products
Data Server URL(s):

http://odiac.org/dataset.html
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree V2 (GEOS_CASAGFED_3H_NEE) at GES DISC
Start Date:  01/2003      End Date:  12/2016     (2003-2016)
Description:  This product provides 3 hourly average net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and gross ecosystem exchange (GEE)
of Carbon derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA-
GFED3) model.

The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  NEE; NEP; GEE; Fire emissions; Heterotrophic respiration
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degree x 0.625 degre
Temporal Frequency:  monthly, containing values every 3 hours
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40
Archived Data Citation:  Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V2 (GEOS_CASAGFED_D_FIRE) at GES DISC
Start Date:  01/2003      End Date:  12/2016     (2003-2016)
Description:  This product provides Daily average wildfire emissions (FIRE) and
fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA-
GFED3) model.

The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Fire emissions
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degree by 0.5 degree
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU
Archived Data Citation:  Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V2 (GEOS_CASAGFED_M_FLUX) at GES DISC
Start Date:  01/2003      End Date:  12/2016     (2003-2016)
Description:  This product provides Monthly average Net Primary Production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), wildfire emissions (FIRE), and
fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA-
GFED3) model.

The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  NPP; NEE; Fire
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degrees by 0.625 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  3 hourly
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U
Archived Data Citation:  Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V3 (GEOS_CASAGFED_M_FLUX) at GES DISC
Start Date:  01/2003      End Date:  12/2017     (2003-2017)
Description:  This product provides Monthly average Net Primary Production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), wildfire emissions (FIRE), and
fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA-
GFED3) model.

The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  GPP;Fire
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degree by 0.5 degree
Temporal Frequency:  monthly
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/03147VMJE8J9
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/03147VMJE8J9
Archived Data Citation:  Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/03147VMJE8J9

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree V3 (GEOS_CASAGFED_3H_NEE) at GES DISC
Start Date:  01/2003      End Date:  12/2017     (2003-2017)
Description:  This product provides 3 hourly average net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and gross ecosystem exchange (GEE)
of Carbon derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA-
GFED3) model.

The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  NPP;NEE;GEE
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degrees x 0.625 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  3-hourly
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/VQPRALE26L20
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/VQPRALE26L20
Archived Data Citation:  Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/VQPRALE26L20

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V3 (GEOS_CASAGFED_D_FIRE) at GES DISC
Start Date:  01/2003      End Date:  12/2017     (2003-2016)
Description:  This product provides Daily average wildfire emissions (FIRE) and
fuel wood burning emissions (FUEL) derived from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach – Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (CASA-
GFED3) model.

The NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) is designed to make significant contributions in characterizing, quantifying, understanding, and predicting the evolution of global carbon sources and sinks through improved monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes. The System will use the full range of NASA satellite observations and modeling/analysis capabilities to establish the accuracy, quantitative uncertainties, and utility of products for supporting national and international policy, regulatory, and management activities. CMS will maintain a global emphasis while providing finer scale regional information, utilizing space-based and surface-based data and will rapidly initiate generation and distribution of products both for user evaluation and to inform near-term policy development and planning.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Fire
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degree x 0.5 degree
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  
Start Application Readiness Level:  
Target Application Readiness Level:  
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  GES DISC
Metadata URL(s):
10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD
Data Server URL(s):
10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD
Archived Data Citation:  Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO Reanalysis - 3D concentrations
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2016)
Description:  
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO Reanalysis - Emissions
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2018)
Description:  
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO Reanalysis - Surface concentrations
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2016)
Description:  
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO2 Reanalysis - 3D concentrations
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2016)
Description:  
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degree by 0.5 degree
Temporal Frequency:  Daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO2 Reanalysis - Emissions
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2016)
Description:  
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 degree by 0.5 degree
Temporal Frequency:  Daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO2 Reanalysis - Surface concentrations
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2016)
Description:  
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  GHG emissions inventory; Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  GEOS-Carb Atmospheric CO2 Reanalysis - Column concentrations
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  12/2016     (2009-2016)
Description:  
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Atmospheric Transport; Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Carbon Stocks (; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  MERRA-2, CO from MOPITT/IASI/AIRS, CO2 from TCCON, GOSAT, OCO-2, surface flask network
Algorithm/Models Used:  GEOS-5
Evaluation:  Comparison against independent aircraft observations
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Comparison against independent data, analysis of innovation statistics
Uncertainty Categories:  deterministic and model-data comparison
Application Areas:  GHG emissions inventory; - Global carbon budget calculations
Relevant Policies/Programs:  CMS FPP, USCCSP, IPCC
Potential Users:  CMS flux teams, USGS, EPA, NOAA, GCP, and others who want to run carbon cycle models.
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  4
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  Continue refining assimilation techniques using Evaluation and validation efforts.
Limitations:  Data sparsity, unknown error characteristics, measurement error
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

 
Publications: Fu, Z., Stoy, P. C., Poulter, B., Gerken, T., Zhang, Z., Wakbulcho, G., Niu, S. 2019. Maximum carbon uptake rate dominates the interannual variability of global net ecosystem exchange. Global Change Biology. 25(10), 3381-3394. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14731

Gregg, W. W., Rousseaux, C. S., Franz, B. A. 2017. Global trends in ocean phytoplankton: a new assessment using revised ocean colour data. Remote Sensing Letters. 8(12), 1102-1111. DOI: 10.1080/2150704X.2017.1354263

Oda, T., Bun, R., Kinakh, V., Topylko, P., Halushchak, M., Marland, G., Lauvaux, T., Jonas, M., Maksyutov, S., Nahorski, Z., Lesiv, M., Danylo, O., Horabik-Pyzel, J. 2019. Errors and uncertainties in a gridded carbon dioxide emissions inventory. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. 24(6), 1007-1050. DOI: 10.1007/s11027-019-09877-2

Oda, T., Maksyutov, S., Andres, R. J. 2018. The Open-source Data Inventory for Anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>, version 2016 (ODIAC2016): a global monthly fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> gridded emissions data product for tracer transport simulations and surface flux inversions. Earth System Science Data. 10(1), 87-107. DOI: 10.5194/essd-10-87-2018

Wang, J. S., Oda, T., Kawa, S. R., Strode, S. A., Baker, D. F., Ott, L. E., Pawson, S. 2020. The impacts of fossil fuel emission uncertainties and accounting for 3-D chemical CO2 production on inverse natural carbon flux estimates from satellite and in situ data. Environmental Research Letters. 15(8), 085002. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab9795

Weir, B., Crisp, D., O'Dell, C. W., Basu, S., Chatterjee, A., Kolassa, J., Oda, T., Pawson, S., Poulter, B., Zhang, Z., Ciais, P., Davis, S. J., Liu, Z., Ott, L. E. 2021. Regional impacts of COVID-19 on carbon dioxide detected worldwide from space. Science Advances. 7(45). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf9415

Weir, B., Ott, L. E., Collatz, G. J., Kawa, S. R., Poulter, B., Chatterjee, A., Oda, T., Pawson, S. 2021. Bias-correcting carbon fluxes derived from land-surface satellite data for retrospective and near-real-time assimilation systems. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21(12), 9609-9628. DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-9609-2021

Archived Data Citations: Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/7TQL49XLIMBD

Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Daily Fire and Fuel Emissions 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/IYZIZJ8ZFZHU

Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/03147VMJE8J9

Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/5MQJ64JTBQ40

Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED Monthly Fire Fuel NPP Rh NEE Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/FZU47Y00Q79U

Lesley Ott (2020), GEOS-Carb CASA-GFED 3-hourly Ecosystem Exchange Fluxes 0.5 degree x 0.625 degree, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [Data Access Date], 10.5067/VQPRALE26L20


 

Randerson (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Optimizing the Global Fire Emissions Database for carbon monitoring

Science Team
Members:

James (Jim) Randerson, University Of California, Irvine (Project Lead)
Yang Chen, University of California, Irvine
Douglas (Doug) Morton, NASA GSFC

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Abstract: Fire is a critical component of the Earth system. NASA’s Earth observing satellites monitor active fires, map burned area, and estimate trace gas and aerosol emissions from fires worldwide. Globally, fires emit more than 2 Pg C per year, yet important challenges remain with respect to integrating fire emissions into carbon monitoring systems. One impediment to routine monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) of fires is the need for emissions information over a range of temporal and spatial scales. On daily to weekly time scales, near-real time fire emissions data are needed to support forecasts and response efforts during wildfire emergencies. Time series of annual fire emissions by fire type, such as products from the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED), are important for greenhouse gas reporting at regional, national, and global scales, including the Global Carbon Project’s annual Carbon Budget. Over longer time scales, the 17-year Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) data record now captures important year-to- year variability and secular trends in global fire activity from changing land use and climate. Here, we propose to develop a suite of GFED products to better integrate fire emissions information into existing carbon monitoring systems. New products specifically target carbon monitoring system and stakeholder needs for low-latency data products, improved estimates of global burning and trends, and a detailed assessment of the direct and indirect contributions from fire to the global methane budget. First, we will create a near- real time GFED emissions product using new, 375 m resolution Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) active fire detections. In parallel, we propose to develop and release GFED Version 5, building on improvements to Collection 6 MODIS burned area, VIIRS active fire detections, and novel constraints on fuel loads from biomass datasets developed by prior NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) projects. Third, we will run GEOS-Chem atmospheric model simulations to estimate the influence of global fire activity on methane emissions and methane lifetimes based on changing hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations. Fourth, satellite data suggest a strong decline in savanna and grassland fires over the past two decades; we propose to evaluate changing fire dynamics using individual fire information and higher resolution Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 data for case study regions with declining fire activity. Finally, we will update and expand the online GFED Analysis Tool to serve near-real time GFED5 products and support stakeholder interest in fire activity and reporting at a range of spatial and temporal scales. This suite of GFED5 products specifically targets data needs for ongoing CMS-Flux research, global analysis of CO2 and CH4 by the Global Carbon Project and NOAA's Carbon Tracker, and scientific and media interest in large wildfire complexes as they develop. The proposed research directly responds to three components of the ROSES A.7 CMS research announcement, including the need to “advance remote sensing-based approaches to monitoring, reporting, and verification,” “extend, and/or improve existing CMS products for biomass or flux resulting from NASA’s first phases of CMS pilot studies,” and “enhance national reported carbon emissions inventories.” The proposed effort will provide consistent global fire emissions data products for over two decades, grounded in NASA satellite observations, to support greenhouse gas MRV efforts and advance our understanding of fire in the Earth System. Investments in near-real time GFED products and an online data delivery and analysis system will harness the full potential of NASA’s remote sensing observations for stakeholder engagement and research needs on fire carbon losses, atmospheric chemistry, and attribution of changing fire dynamics to human activity and climate.
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
  • MRV

Participants:

Niels Andela, NASA GSFC
Yang Chen, University of California, Irvine
Shane Coffield, NASA GSFC / UMD
Louis Giglio, NASA GSFC/University of Maryland
Anika Halota, NASA GSFC
Douglas (Doug) Morton, NASA GSFC
Lesley Ott, NASA GSFC GMAO
James (Jim) Randerson, University Of California, Irvine
Brendan Rogers, Woodwell Climate Research Center
Wilfrid Schroeder, University of Maryland
Guido van der Werf, Vrije Universiteit
Sander Veraverbeke, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Dawn Woodard, University of California, Irvine

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Global Fire Atlas with Characteristics of Individual Fires, 2003-2016
Start Date:  01/2003      End Date:  12/2016
Description:  The Global Fire Atlas is a global dataset that tracks the day-to-day dynamics of individual fires to determine the timing and location of ignitions, fire size, duration, daily expansion, fire line length, speed, and direction of spread. These individual fire characteristics were derived based on the Global Fire Atlas algorithm and estimated day of burn information at 500-m resolution from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6 MCD64A1 burned area product. The algorithm identified 13.3 million individual fires (>=21 ha or 0.21 km2; the size of one MODIS pixel) over the 2003-2016 study period.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  500m resolution for annual; and 0.25 degree resolution for monthly
Temporal Frequency:  annual and monthly
Input Data Products:  VIIRS; MODIS
Algorithm/Models Used:  Global Fire Atlas algorithm
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  Individual fire information and summary data products provide new information for benchmarking fire models within ecosystem and Earth system models, understanding vegetation-fire feedbacks, improving global emissions estimates, and characterizing the changing role of fire in the Earth system. This data product could also be used to improve the representation of fire activity in ecosystem models.
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  Fire Modeling Intercomparison Project (FireMIP) Group
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1642
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1642
Archived Data Citation:  Andela, N., D.C. Morton, L. Giglio, and J.T. Randerson. 2019. Global Fire Atlas with Characteristics of Individual Fires, 2003-2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1642

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

 
Publications: Andela, N., Morton, D. C., Giglio, L., Paugam, R., Chen, Y., Hantson, S., van der Werf, G. R., Randerson, J. T. 2019. The Global Fire Atlas of individual fire size, duration, speed and direction. Earth System Science Data. 11(2), 529-552. DOI: 10.5194/essd-11-529-2019

Andela, N., Morton, D. C., Schroeder, W., Chen, Y., Brando, P. M., Randerson, J. T. 2022. Tracking and classifying Amazon fire events in near real time. Science Advances. 8(30). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd2713

Chen, Y., Hantson, S., Andela, N., Coffield, S. R., Graff, C. A., Morton, D. C., Ott, L. E., Foufoula-Georgiou, E., Smyth, P., Goulden, M. L., Randerson, J. T. 2022. California wildfire spread derived using VIIRS satellite observations and an object-based tracking system. Scientific Data. 9(1). DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01343-0

Chen, Y., Langenbrunner, B., Randerson, J. T. 2018. Future Drying in Central America and Northern South America Linked With Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Geophysical Research Letters. 45(17), 9226-9235. DOI: 10.1029/2018GL077953

Chen, Y., Morton, D. C., Andela, N., van der Werf, G. R., Giglio, L., Randerson, J. T. 2017. A pan-tropical cascade of fire driven by El Nino/Southern Oscillation. Nature Climate Change. 7(12), 906-911. DOI: 10.1038/s41558-017-0014-8

Chen, Y., Randerson, J. T., Coffield, S. R., Foufoula-Georgiou, E., Smyth, P., Graff, C. A., Morton, D. C., Andela, N., Werf, G. R., Giglio, L., Ott, L. E. 2020. Forecasting Global Fire Emissions on Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) Time Scales. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 12(9). DOI: 10.1029/2019MS001955

Chen, Y., Randerson, J. T., Coffield, S. R., Foufoula-Georgiou, E., Smyth, P., Graff, C. A., Morton, D. C., Andela, N., Werf, G. R., Giglio, L., Ott, L. E. 2020. Forecasting Global Fire Emissions on Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) Time Scales. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 12(9). DOI: 10.1029/2019MS001955

Coffield, S. R., Graff, C. A., Chen, Y., Smyth, P., Foufoula-Georgiou, E., Randerson, J. T. 2019. Machine learning to predict final fire size at the time of ignition. International Journal of Wildland Fire. 28(11), 861. DOI: 10.1071/WF19023

Gorris, M. E., Treseder, K. K., Zender, C. S., Randerson, J. T. 2019. Expansion of Coccidioidomycosis Endemic Regions in the United States in Response to Climate Change. GeoHealth. 3(10), 308-327. DOI: 10.1029/2019GH000209

Langenbrunner, B., Pritchard, M. S., Kooperman, G. J., Randerson, J. T. 2019. Why Does Amazon Precipitation Decrease When Tropical Forests Respond to Increasing CO 2 ? Earth's Future. 7(4), 450-468. DOI: 10.1029/2018EF001026

Levine, P. A., Randerson, J. T., Chen, Y., Pritchard, M. S., Xu, M., Hoffman, F. M. 2019. Soil Moisture Variability Intensifies and Prolongs Eastern Amazon Temperature and Carbon Cycle Response to El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Journal of Climate. 32(4), 1273-1292. DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0150.1

Wang, J. A., Baccini, A., Farina, M., Randerson, J. T., Friedl, M. A. 2021. Disturbance suppresses the aboveground carbon sink in North American boreal forests. Nature Climate Change. 11(5), 435-441. DOI: 10.1038/s41558-021-01027-4

Wiggins, E. B., Andrews, A., Sweeney, C., Miller, J. B., Miller, C. E., Veraverbeke, S., Commane, R., Wofsy, S., Henderson, J. M., Randerson, J. T. 2021. Boreal forest fire CO and CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors derived from tower observations in Alaska during the extreme fire season of 2015. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21(11), 8557-8574. DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-8557-2021

Wiggins, E. B., Czimczik, C. I., Santos, G. M., Chen, Y., Xu, X., Holden, S. R., Randerson, J. T., Harvey, C. F., Kai, F. M., Yu, L. E. 2018. Smoke radiocarbon measurements from Indonesian fires provide evidence for burning of millennia-aged peat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115(49), 12419-12424. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806003115

Woodard, D. L., Davis, S. J., Randerson, J. T. 2018. Economic carbon cycle feedbacks may offset additional warming from natural feedbacks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116(3), 759-764. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1805187115

Archived Data Citations: Andela, N., D.C. Morton, L. Giglio, and J.T. Randerson. 2019. Global Fire Atlas with Characteristics of Individual Fires, 2003-2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1642


 

Sayers (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:New Carbon Monitoring Products for Global Freshwater Lakes using Satellite Remote Sensing Time Series Data

Science Team
Members:

Michael (Mike) Sayers, Michigan Tech Research Institute (Project Lead)
Gary Fahnenstiel, Michigan Technological University
Robert (Bob) Shuchman, Michigan Technological University

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Shuchman (CMS 2011)  
Abstract: A three year $660K program is proposed to develop and evaluate ocean color satellite- based primary production models for estimating carbon fixation of freshwater lakes on a global scale and to provide carbon fixation estimates for the world’s freshwater lakes. Generation of this first of its kind data set is an important initial step to determining complete freshwater lake carbon budgets for the world’s lakes. These new remote sensing based tools and data products generated at local and regional scales would support the Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) aspect of NASA’s CMS program objectives and specifically addresses the two CMS research topics “using remote sensing data products to produce and evaluate prototype MRV system approaches and/or calibration and validation data sets for future NASA missions;” and “Studies that build upon, extend, and/or improve the existing CMS products for biomass and flux resulting from NASA’s first phases of CMS pilot studies”. This project builds upon and extends a methodology for estimating primary production established in an initial pilot study under a NASA CMS Phase 2 (2012 Solicitation) program to “Develop new regional carbon monitoring products in the Great Lakes” (Shuchman et al. 2013; Fahnenstiel et al. 2016; Grant #NN12AP94G). Specifically, a simplified Depth Integrated Model (DIM) for estimating primary production or carbon fixation (thereafter referred to as carbon fixation) would generate a 2011 snapshot of the total carbon fixation in all freshwater lakes on a 300m grid, while a more sophisticated regionally optimized Vertically Generalized Production Model (VGPM) developed under this program would be used to generate annual carbon fixation estimates for 1000 freshwater lakes of the world from 2002-2011. Finally, monthly estimates of carbon fixation would be generated for 10 of the world’s largest lakes from 2002-2016. In addition to supporting CMS, the time series of carbon fixation products to be generated under this new program can be used to provide a better understanding of how anthropogenic forcing, invasive species, and climate change affect carbon fixation of the freshwater lakes in the various ecological regions throughout the globe. The carbon fixation estimates to be generated under this program are also useful in calculating freshwater fish production and better understanding lake ecosystems throughout the world. The Globolakes research programme (http://www.globolakes.ac.uk/) is an integral part of this research program and our goals fit closely with their research mission. Globolakes is providing a robust database of satellite and in situ observations that will be directly used in the generation of freshwater carbon fixation products. The simplified DIM and VGPM developed under this proposed program can utilize a variety of multispectral satellite aircraft and UAS data sources. The ocean color satellite data that will be used in this proposed program includes: MERIS and VIIRS.
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Ocean Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Lake Biomass
  • Ocean Biomass
  • Ocean-Atmosphere Flux

Participants:

David Bunnell, USGS, Great Lakes Science Center
Gary Fahnenstiel, Michigan Technological University
Steven Greb, AquaWatch
Peter Hunter, University of Stirling
Dawn Isakson, Michigan Technological University
Steve Ruberg, NOAA - Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory
Michael (Mike) Sayers, Michigan Tech Research Institute
Robert (Bob) Shuchman, Michigan Technological University
Stefan Simis, Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Marc Tuchman, EPA Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO)
Andrew Tyler, University of Stirling

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Fixation Rate from Water Temperature for Large Lakes
Description:  Model
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation
Spatial Extent:  Global Large Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  Global Growing Season
Input Data Products:  In situ data
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  TBD
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  TBD
Uncertainty Categories:  TBD
Application Areas:  TBD
Relevant Policies/Programs:  TBD
Potential Users:  TBD
Stakeholders:  EPA Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) (Point of Contact: Marc Tuchman, tuchman.marc@epa.gov); NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Point of Contact: Steve Ruberg, steve.ruberg@noaa.gov); Plymouth Marine Laboratory (Point of Contact: Stefan Simis, stsi@pml.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Andrew Tyler, a.n.tyler@stir.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Peter Hunter, p.d.hunter@stir.ac.uk)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  TBD
Limitations:  TBD
Date When Product Available:  TBD
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Fixation Rate from Water Temperature for Medium/Small Lakes
Description:  Model
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation
Spatial Extent:  Global Medium/Small Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  Global Growing Season
Input Data Products:  In situ data
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  TBD
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  TBD
Uncertainty Categories:  TBD
Application Areas:  TBD
Relevant Policies/Programs:  TBD
Potential Users:  TBD
Stakeholders:  Plymouth Marine Laboratory (Point of Contact: Stefan Simis, stsi@pml.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Andrew Tyler, a.n.tyler@stir.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Peter Hunter, p.d.hunter@stir.ac.uk)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  TBD
Limitations:  TBD
Date When Product Available:  TBD
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Light Utilization Index (LUI) for Freshwater Lakes
Description:  Model
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation
Spatial Extent:  Global Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  Global Summer
Input Data Products:  Modeled Data, In situ data
Algorithm/Models Used:  Light Utilization Index (LUI)
Evaluation:  Validated
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Light Utilization Index (LUI)
Uncertainty Categories:  Ensemble; Deterministic; Model-Data Comparison; Model-Model Comparison
Application Areas:  TBD
Relevant Policies/Programs:  TBD
Potential Users:  TBD
Stakeholders:  Plymouth Marine Laboratory (Point of Contact: Stefan Simis, stsi@pml.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Andrew Tyler, a.n.tyler@stir.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Peter Hunter, p.d.hunter@stir.ac.uk)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  TBD
Limitations:  TBD
Date When Product Available:  August 2019
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Patterns and Trends in Phytoplankton Production of the World's 10 Largest Lakes
Time Period:  2002-2016
Description:  Peer Reviewed Paper
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation; Disturbance
Spatial Extent:  Global Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  EPA Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) (Point of Contact: Marc Tuchman, tuchman.marc@epa.gov); NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Point of Contact: Steve Ruberg, steve.ruberg@noaa.gov); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Andrew Tyler, a.n.tyler@stir.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Peter Hunter, p.d.hunter@stir.ac.uk); University of Wisconsin-Madison (Point of Contact: Steven Greb, srgreb@wisc.edu)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Snapshot of Satellite Observable Lakes
Time Period:  2002-2016
Description:  Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Geospatial Datasets
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation
Spatial Extent:  Global Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  1 km
Temporal Frequency:  2011 Global Summer
Input Data Products:  Satelite Data, Modeled Data
Algorithm/Models Used:  Light Utilization Index (LUI)
Evaluation:  Validated
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  Will be compared with GLPM and VGPM results
Uncertainty Estimates:  In Progress
Uncertainty Categories:  Ensemble; Deterministic; Model-Data Comparison; Model-Model Comparison
Application Areas:  TBD
Relevant Policies/Programs:  TBD
Potential Users:  USGS, Aquawatch, GloboLakes (stakeholders already engaged)
Stakeholders:  University of Wisconsin-Madison (Point of Contact: Steven Greb, srgreb@wisc.edu)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  TBD
Limitations:  Limited Temporal Period
Date When Product Available:  August 2019
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Time-series of World's 10 Largest Lakes
Time Period:  2002-2016
Description:  Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Geospatial Datasets
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation; Disturbance
Spatial Extent:  Global Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  300 m
Temporal Frequency:  Monthly
Input Data Products:  Satelite Data, Modeled Data
Algorithm/Models Used:  LUI, Great Lakes Production Model (GLPM), Vertically Generalized Production Model (VGPM)
Evaluation:  TBD
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  TBD
Uncertainty Estimates:  TBD
Uncertainty Categories:  TBD
Application Areas:  TBD
Relevant Policies/Programs:  TBD
Potential Users:  TBD
Stakeholders:  EPA Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) (Point of Contact: Marc Tuchman, tuchman.marc@epa.gov); NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Point of Contact: Steve Ruberg, steve.ruberg@noaa.gov); University of Wisconsin-Madison (Point of Contact: Steven Greb, srgreb@wisc.edu)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  TBD
Limitations:  TBD
Date When Product Available:  TBD
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Time-series of World's 1000 Largest Lakes
Time Period:  2002-2016
Description:  Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Geospatial Datasets
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation; Disturbance
Spatial Extent:  Global Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  300 m
Temporal Frequency:  Annually
Input Data Products:  Satelite Data, Modeled Data
Algorithm/Models Used:  LUI, Great Lakes Production Model (GLPM), Vertically Generalized Production Model (VGPM)
Evaluation:  TBD
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  TBD
Uncertainty Estimates:  TBD
Uncertainty Categories:  TBD
Application Areas:  TBD
Relevant Policies/Programs:  TBD
Potential Users:  TBD
Stakeholders:  University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Andrew Tyler, a.n.tyler@stir.ac.uk); University of Stirling (Point of Contact: Peter Hunter, p.d.hunter@stir.ac.uk); University of Wisconsin-Madison (Point of Contact: Steven Greb, srgreb@wisc.edu)
Current Application Readiness Level:  2
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  TBD
Limitations:  TBD
Date When Product Available:  TBD
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Phytoplankton Production in the World's Freshwater Lakes
Time Period:  2011
Description:  Peer Reviewed Paper
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation
Spatial Extent:  Global Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Satellite Monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Western Basin of Lake Erie: a 20-Year Time-Series
Time Period:  1997-2017
Description:  Peer Reviewed Paper
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Disturbance; Evaluation; Uncertainties & Standard Errors
Spatial Extent:  Lake Erie
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Point of Contact: Steve Ruberg, steve.ruberg@noaa.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Spatial and Temporal Variability in phytoplankton Production in the World's 1000 Largest Lakes
Time Period:  2002-2016
Description:  Peer Reviewed Paper
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Global Surface-Atmosphere Flux; Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks; Evaluation; Disturbance
Spatial Extent:  Global Freshwater Lakes
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  2
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Spatial-Temporal Variability of In Situ Cyanobacteria Vertical Structure in Western Lake Erie: Implications for Remote Sensing Observations
Time Period:  2015-2016
Description:  Peer Reviewed Paper
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure; Carbon Stocks;
Spatial Extent:  Lake Erie
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Point of Contact: Steve Ruberg, steve.ruberg@noaa.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Trends in spatial and temporal variability of inherent optical properties in western Lake Erie: Implications for water quality remote sensing
Time Period:  2015-2017
Description:  Peer Reviewed Paper
Status:  Preliminary
CMS Science Theme(s):  Lake Biomass
Keywords:  Ecosystem Composition and Structure
Spatial Extent:  Lake Erie
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Point of Contact: Steve Ruberg, steve.ruberg@noaa.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  3
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

 
Publications: Bosse, K. R., Sayers, M. J., Shuchman, R. A., Fahnenstiel, G. L., Ruberg, S. A., Fanslow, D. L., Stuart, D. G., Johengen, T. H., Burtner, A. M. 2019. Spatial-temporal variability of in situ cyanobacteria vertical structure in Western Lake Erie: Implications for remote sensing observations. Journal of Great Lakes Research. 45(3), 480-489. DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2019.02.003

Sayers, M. J., Bosse, K. R., Shuchman, R. A., Ruberg, S. A., Fahnenstiel, G. L., Leshkevich, G. A., Stuart, D. G., Johengen, T. H., Burtner, A. M., Palladino, D. 2019. Spatial and temporal variability of inherent and apparent optical properties in western Lake Erie: Implications for water quality remote sensing. Journal of Great Lakes Research. 45(3), 490-507. DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2019.03.011

Sayers, M. J., Fahnenstiel, G. L., Shuchman, R. A., Bosse, K. R. 2021. A new method to estimate global freshwater phytoplankton carbon fixation using satellite remote sensing: initial results. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 42(10), 3708-3730. DOI: 10.1080/01431161.2021.1880661

Sayers, M. J., Grimm, A. G., Shuchman, R. A., Bosse, K. R., Fahnenstiel, G. L., Ruberg, S. A., Leshkevich, G. A. 2019. Satellite monitoring of harmful algal blooms in the Western Basin of Lake Erie: A 20-year time-series. Journal of Great Lakes Research. 45(3), 508-521. DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2019.01.005

Sayers, M., Bosse, K., Fahnenstiel, G., Shuchman, R. 2020. Carbon Fixation Trends in Eleven of the World's Largest Lakes: 2003-2018. Water. 12(12), 3500. DOI: 10.3390/w12123500


 

Sedano (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Forest degradation driven by charcoal production: characterization, quantification and forecasting to improve carbon monitoring systems in southern Africa

Science Team
Members:

Fernando Sedano, University of Maryland (Project Lead)
Laura Duncanson, University of Maryland

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Abstract: African urban population is rapidly growing. While only 30% of the African population lived in urban centers in 2000, this figure will reach 60% by year 2050. Close to eighty percent of African urban households use charcoal as main source of cooking fuel. Charcoal is expected to remain the main source of energy in the coming future and its overall consumption will rise by 2040. Charcoal production is already the main driver of forest degradation in sub Saharan Africa. The Miombo region of southern Africa includes the largest tropical woodlands ecosystems in Africa. These ecosystems are a source of large uncertainties in the global carbon balance. The urban demand for energy poses an increasing pressure on these woodlands. Yet, forest degradation driven by charcoal production is still insufficiently understood and poorly quantified. This knowledge gap and the growing importance of this process stresses the need of developing specific monitoring and quantifying strategies as a first step to reduce carbon emissions uncertainties in the region. The overarching goal of this research proposal is developing remote sensing-based and modeling tools to characterize, quantify, understand and predict forest degradation in tropical woodlands of the Miombo region of southern Africa. In a first objective, we will prototype a remote sensing-based approach to map, monitor and quantify forest degradation from charcoal production combining multitemporal analysis of very high-resolution remote sensing images and field measurements. A second objective will develop a modeling framework to generate spatially explicit estimates of current forest degradation area and carbon emissions at national level and predict the evolution of carbon stocks under future scenarios. Finally, we will evaluate the potential and limitations of upcoming NASA GEDI mission to detect changes in forest structure associated to forest degradation in tropical woodlands of southern Africa. Ultimately, the methods and products developed under this project will provide the knowledge base at relevant spatial and temporal scales for understanding a poorly understood forest degradation process of high significance at regional level. This proposal will contribute to advance remote sensing-based approaches to characterize, monitor and quantify forest degradation in tropical woodlands. This knowledge will support the development of more precise MRV REDD+ systems in the countries of the Miombo region. The findings of the project could potentially be incorporated in the national REDD+ strategies in Africa, becoming a key tool for targeted policy interventions within the context of REDD+. The methods developed in this project will be valuable for US and international institutions involved in the independent monitoring of emission inventories in support of international climate agreements. The proposed effort will also contribute to predict the evolution of carbon sources and sinks in a large ecosystem of global importance and source of large uncertainties in the carbon balance. Lastly, this research proposal will also produce information for the calibration and validation of future GEDI data for degradation studies and inform future space-borne LiDAR missions.
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land Biomass
  • MRV

Participants:

John David, NASA GSFC
Laura Duncanson, University of Maryland
Davison Gumbo, CIFOR Zambia
George Hurtt, University of Maryland
Natasha Ribeiro, GOFC-GOLD Miombo Network
Ritvik Sahajpal, University of Maryland
Fernando Sedano, University of Maryland
Abel Siampele, Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources (Zambia)
Almeida Sitoe, University Eduardo Mondlane
Compton Tucker, NASA GSFC

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Historial forest degradation from charcoal production in Combomune (Mozambique), 2013 -2019
Time Period:  2013 - 2019
Description:  
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Forest degradation, Landsat, time series, Sub Saharan Africa
Spatial Extent:  Combomune, (Mozambique)
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  Digital Globe archive and Planet archive
Algorithm/Models Used:  1) Feature extraction approach for kiln detection; 2) Morphological analysis of high resolution imagery to estimate kiln dimensions; Indirect estimate of aboveground removals and carbon emissions
Evaluation:  Validation of : 1) area extents; 2) Kiln densities; 3) Aboveground biomass extractions and carbon emissions
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  Comparison with existing forest loss products (Hansen et al., 2013) and Landsat and Sentinel-2 based product generated in the project
Uncertainty Estimates:  Monte carlo simulations
Uncertainty Categories:  Stochastic
Application Areas:  Emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
Relevant Policies/Programs:  REDD+
Potential Users:  1) Mozambique Ministry of Land; 2) Research institutions in Mozambique; 3) Regional research networks
Stakeholders:  GOFC-GOLD Miombo Network (Point of Contact: Natasha Ribeiro (joluci2000@yahoo.com)); University Eduardo Mondlane (Mozambique) (Point of Contact: Almeida Sitoe (almeidasitoe@gmail.com))
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  1) Continuous updates; 2) Expand area of interest
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:32.70000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:23.17000

Product Title:  Historial forest degradation from charcoal production in Combomune (Mozambique), 2016 -2019
Time Period:  2016 - 2019
Description:  
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Forest degradation, Landsat, time series, Sub Saharan Africa,
Spatial Extent:  Combomune, (Mozambique)
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  Sentinel 2
Algorithm/Models Used:  1) Interannual change analysis; 2) Indirect estimate of aboveground removals and carbon emissions; 3) Feature extraction approach for kiln detection
Evaluation:  Validation of : 1) area extents; 2) Kiln densities; 3) Aboveground biomass extractions and carbon emissions
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  Comparison with existing forest loss products (Hansen et al., 2013) and Landsat-based product generated in the project
Uncertainty Estimates:  Monte carlo simulations
Uncertainty Categories:  Stochastic
Application Areas:  Emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
Relevant Policies/Programs:  REDD+
Potential Users:  1) Mozambique Ministry of Land; 2) Research institutions in Mozambique; 3) Regional research networks
Stakeholders:  GOFC-GOLD Miombo Network (Point of Contact: Natasha Ribeiro (joluci2000@yahoo.com)); University Eduardo Mondlane (Mozambique) (Point of Contact: Almeida Sitoe (almeidasitoe@gmail.com))
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  1) Continuous updates; 2) Expand area of interest
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:32.70000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:23.17000

Product Title:  Historial forest degradation from charcoal production in forest reserves of Zambia
Time Period:  2013 - 2020
Description:  
Status:  Planned
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Forest degradation, Landsat, time series, Sub Saharan Africa,
Spatial Extent:  Central and Copperbelt provinces (Zambia)
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  Landsat 5, Landsat 7 and Landsat 8, Sentinel 2
Algorithm/Models Used:  1) Interannual change analysis; 2) Indirect estimate of aboveground removals and carbon emissions; 3) Feature extraction approach for kiln detection
Evaluation:  Validation of : 1) area extents; 2) Kiln densities; 3) Aboveground biomass extractions and carbon emissions
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  Comparison with existing forest loss products (Hansen et al., 2013)
Uncertainty Estimates:  Monte carlo simulations
Uncertainty Categories:  Stochastic
Application Areas:  Emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
Relevant Policies/Programs:  REDD+
Potential Users:  1) Zambia Ministry of Land; 2) Research institutions in Zambia and Regional research networks
Stakeholders:  CIFOR Zambia (Point of Contact: Davison gumbo (d.gumbo@cgiar.org)); Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources (Zambia) (Point of Contact: Abel Siampele (abelsiampale2015@gmail.com))
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  1) Continuous updates.
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:28.71000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:13.63000

Product Title:  Historial forest degradation from charcoal production in Mabalane (Mozambique), 2008 -2018
Start Date:  01/2008      End Date:  12/2018     (2008 - 2018)
Description:  
Status:  On-going
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Forest degradation, Landsat, time series, Sub Saharan Africa
Spatial Extent:  District of Mabalae (Mozambique)
Spatial Resolution:  30 m
Temporal Frequency:  Annual
Input Data Products:  Landsat 5, Landsat 7 and Landsat 8
Algorithm/Models Used:  1) Interannual change analysis of NDVI images; 2) OTSU Thresholding approach
Evaluation:  NA (to be incorporated in subsequent udates)
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  Comparison with existing forest loss products (Hansen et al., 2013)
Uncertainty Estimates:  NA
Uncertainty Categories:  NA
Application Areas:  Emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
Relevant Policies/Programs:  REDD+
Potential Users:  1) Mozambique Ministry of Land; 2) Research institutions in Mozambique; 3) Regional research networks
Stakeholders:  GOFC-GOLD Miombo Network (Point of Contact: Natasha Ribeiro (joluci2000@yahoo.com)); University Eduardo Mondlane (Mozambique) (Point of Contact: Almeida Sitoe (almeidasitoe@gmail.com))
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  1) Annual updates; 2) Integrate Sentinel 2 imagery; 3) Incorporate uncertainty analysis
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:32.81000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:23.41000

 
Publications: Sedano, F., Lisboa, S. N., Duncanson, L., Ribeiro, N., Sitoe, A., Sahajpal, R., Hurtt, G., Tucker, C. J. 2020. Monitoring forest degradation from charcoal production with historical Landsat imagery. A case study in southern Mozambique. Environmental Research Letters. 15(1), 015001. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab3186

Sedano, F., Lisboa, S. N., Sahajpal, R., Duncanson, L., Ribeiro, N., Sitoe, A., Hurtt, G., Tucker, C. J. 2021. The connection between forest degradation and urban energy demand in sub-Saharan Africa: a characterization based on high-resolution remote sensing data. Environmental Research Letters. 16(6), 064020. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abfc05

Sedano, F., Lisboa, S., Duncanson, L., Ribeiro, N., Sitoe, A., Sahajpal, R., Hurtt, G., Tucker, C. 2020. Monitoring intra and inter annual dynamics of forest degradation from charcoal production in Southern Africa with Sentinel - 2 imagery. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 92, 102184. DOI: 10.1016/j.jag.2020.102184


 

Vargas (CMS 2016) (2017)
Project Title:Carbon monitoring systems across Mexico to support implementation of REDD+: maximizing benefits and knowledge

Science Team
Members:

Rodrigo Vargas, University of Delaware (Project Lead)
Taejin Park, NASA Ames Research Center / BAERI

Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2016)
Precursor Projects: Vargas (CMS 2013)  
Successor Projects: Vargas (CMS 2020)  
Abstract: Rationale: Mexico is a high-biodiversity country with nearly 40% of its territory forested. During the last decade carbon cycle science efforts have rapidly increased, and state-of- the-art measurements on carbon (C) stocks, dynamics, and forest architecture are available at representative landscapes and at the national level. Mexico is now recognized to be one of the few non-Annex I countries capable of implementing Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation plus improving forest management, carbon stock enhancement and conservation (REDD+). This proposal builds on previous NASA CMS efforts to improve monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) for implementation of REDD+ in Mexico. Furthermore, this proposal takes advantage of other NASA CMS efforts to develop algorithms and apply high performance computing (HPC) approaches to develop a framework for estimating high-resolution (30 m resolution) carbon-related estimates at national scales. Combining CMS efforts and experiences are important to (a) increase interoperability across CMS products, (b) test their applicability and uncertainty, (c) identify their strengths and areas for improvements, and (d) move to higher Application Readiness Levels (ARLs). Mexico can be considered a “data rich” country, and this proposal is an opportunity to develop, test, and improve the applicability of different NASA CMS products across North America. The goal of this proposal is to: improve a national carbon monitoring framework to synthetize forest inventory and remote sensing information, while increasing spatial resolution and knowledge to provide support for implementation of REDD+ across Mexico. Specific objectives: 1) Harmonize available data to increase interoperability and synthesis efforts; 2) Build multi-scale resolution products at the national level (1km to 30 m); 3) Develop high-resolution estimates (15 and 1 m) at intensive monitoring sites; and 4) Collaborate with stakeholders to improve a national carbon monitoring framework where information is available to support research and management/policy decisions. Approach: This proposal builds upon ongoing efforts supported by NASA, the USDA Forest Service (supported by USAID), the Mexican Carbon Program, and multiple institutions represented by participants in this proposal. This proposal will a) harmonize and synthetize available national information to increase data interoperability for synthesis studies, and development/validation of CMS products; b) build multi-scale resolution products (between 1 km to 30 m) of forest cover change, aboveground biomass, forest structural variables (e.g., tree height), soil carbon, and gross primary productivity (GPP) with associate uncertainties at the national level; and c) generate a framework for high-resolution (15 m to 1 m) estimates of aboveground biomass, forest structural variables, soil carbon, and GPP across a network of intensive monitoring sites. These efforts will be supported by already available data sets (site level and national level), NASA-derived remote sensing information, and using the NASA Earth Exchange (NEX) HPC framework. Significance: This proposal supports NASA research through a) validation and improvement of CMS-related applications; b) advancement of remote sensing-based approaches to MRV; c) supporting implementation of REDD+ projects; d) building synergy and collaboration between different NASA CMS efforts; and f) working with scientists and stakeholders to increase ARLs and transfer CMS efforts and products across North America.
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land Biomass
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land Biomass
  • Decision Support
  • MRV

Participants:

Gregorio Ángeles-Pérez, Colegio de Postgraduados
Richard (Rich) Birdsey, Woodwell Climate Research Center
Stephen Bullock, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada
Bernardus (Ben) de Jong, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur
Kristofer (Kris) Johnson, USDA Forest Service
Shuang Li, Bay Area Environmental Research Institute
Ramakrishna (Rama) Nemani, NASA ARC
Taejin Park, NASA Ames Research Center / BAERI
Fernando Paz, Mexican Carbon Program
Rainer Ressl, Comision nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad (CONABIO)
Youngryel Ryu, Seoul National University
Susan Tompkins, University of Delaware
Rodrigo Vargas, University of Delaware
Sergio Villela, National Forestry Commission of Mexico (CONAFOR)
Enrico Yepez, Instituto Tecnologico de Sonora

Project URL(s): None provided.
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for the Conterminous USA, 2001-2014
Start Date:  01/2001      End Date:  12/2014
Description:  This dataset provides maps of the distribution of ecosystem functional types (EFTs) and the interannual variability of EFTs at 0.05 degree resolution across the conterminous United States (CONUS) for 2001 to 2014. EFTs are groupings of ecosystems based on their similar ecosystem functioning that are used to represent the spatial patterns and temporal variability of key ecosystem functional traits without prior knowledge of vegetation type or canopy architecture. Sixty-four EFTs were derived from the metrics of a 2001-2014 time-series of satellite images of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product MOD13C2. EFT diversity was calculated as the modal (most repeated) EFT and interannual variability was calculated as the number of unique EFTs for each pixel.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  ecosystem functional type
Spatial Extent:  CONUS
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  2
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  2
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1659
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1659
Archived Data Citation:  Villarreal, S., R. Vargas, and D. Alcaraz-segura. 2019. Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for the Conterminous USA, 2001-2014. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1659

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-124.77000 East Longitude:-67.00000
North Latitude:49.36000 South Latitude:24.55000

Product Title:  Soil Organic Carbon Stock Estimates with Uncertainty across Latin America
Start Date:  06/2018      End Date:  06/2018     (The model predictions are nominally for 2018-06-14. Point soil measurement data were collected over several decades, from 1940 to 2009. Source: WoSIS soil profile database Batjes et al. (2017).)
Description:  This dataset provides 5 x 5 km gridded estimates of soil organic carbon (SOC) across Latin America that were derived from existing point soil characterization data and compiled environmental prediction factors for SOC. This dataset is representative for the period between 1980 to 2000s corresponding with the highest density of observations available in the WoSIS system and the covariates used as prediction factors for soil organic carbon across Latin America. SOC stocks (kg/m2) were estimated for the SOC and bulk density point measurements and a spatially explicit measure of the SOC estimation error was also calculated. A modeling ensemble, using a linear combination of five statistical methods (regression Kriging, random forest, kernel weighted nearest neighbors, partial least squared regression and support vector machines) was applied to the SOC stock data at (1) country-specific and (2) regional scales to develop gridded SOC estimates (kg/m2) for all of Latin America. Uncertainty estimates are provided for the two model predictions based on independent model residuals and their full conditional response to the SOC prediction factors.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass
Keywords:  soil carbon
Spatial Extent:  Mexico, Central America and South America
Spatial Resolution:  5km by 5 km
Temporal Frequency:  Model results nominally for one point
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Programa Mexicano del Carbono (Point of Contact: Fernando Paz (ferpazpel@gmail.com))
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1615
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1615
Archived Data Citation:  Guevara, M., G.F. Olmedo, E. Stell, Y. Yigini, C.A. Hernandez, G. Arevalo, C.E. Arroyo-cruz, A. Bolivar, S. Bunning, N.B. Canas, C.O. Cruz-gaistardo, F. Davila, M.D. Acqua, A. Encina, F. Fontes, J.A.H. Herrera, A.R.I. Navarro, V. Loayza, A.M. Manueles, F.M. Jara, C. Olivera, G. Pereira, P. Prieto, I.A. Ramos, J.C.R. Brina, R. Rivera, J. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, R. Roopnarine, A. Rosales, K.A.R. Rivero, G.A. Schulz, A. Spence, G.M. Vasques, R.R. Vargas, and R. Vargas. 2019. Soil Organic Carbon Stock Estimates with Uncertainty across Latin America. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1615

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-121.29000 East Longitude:-31.24000
North Latitude:35.56000 South Latitude:-58.58000

Product Title:  Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for Mexico, 2001-2014
Start Date:  01/2001      End Date:  12/2014
Description:  This dataset provides a map of the distribution of ecosystem functional types (EFTs) at 0.05 degree resolution across Mexico for 2001 to 2014. EFTs are groupings of ecosystems based on their similar ecosystem functioning that are used to represent the spatial patterns and temporal variability of key ecosystem functional traits without prior knowledge of vegetation type or canopy architecture. Sixty-four EFTs were derived from the metrics of a 2001-2014 time-series of satellite images of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product MOD13C2. EFT diversity was calculated as the modal (most repeated) EFT for each pixel.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Mexico
Spatial Resolution:  0.05 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  annual
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Instituto Tecnologico de Sonora (Point of Contact: Enrico Yepez (enrico.yepez@itson.edu.mx)); Programa Mexicano del Carbono (Point of Contact: Fernando Paz (ferpazpel@gmail.com))
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  2
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1693
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1693
Archived Data Citation:  Villarreal, S., D. Alcaraz-Segura, M. Guevara, and R. Vargas. 2019. Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for Mexico, 2001-2014. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1693

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-118.40000 East Longitude:-86.00000
North Latitude:33.00000 South Latitude:14.00000

Product Title:  Global Gridded 1-km Annual Soil Respiration and Uncertainty Derived from SRDB V3
Start Date:  01/1963      End Date:  12/2011
Description:  This dataset provides six global gridded products at 1-km resolution of predicted annual soil respiration (Rs) and associated uncertainty, maps of the lower and upper quartiles of the prediction distributions, and two derived annual heterotrophic respiration (Rh) maps. A machine learning approach was used to derive the predicted Rs and uncertainty data using a quantile regression forest (QRF) algorithm trained with observations from the global Soil Respiration Database (SRDB) version 3 spanning from 1961 to 2011. The two Rh maps were derived from the predicted Rs with two different empirical equations. These products were produced to support carbon cycle research at local- to global-scales, and highlight the immense spatial variability of soil respiration and our ability to predict it across the globe.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  1 km
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Comision nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad (CONABIO) (Point of Contact: Rainer Ressel (rressl@conabio.gob.mx)); Programa Mexicano del Carbono (Point of Contact: Fernando Paz (ferpazpel@gmail.com)); Sergio Villela (Point of Contact: svillela@conafor.gob.mx)
Current Application Readiness Level:  3
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://daac.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/dsviewer.pl?ds_id=1736
Data Server URL(s):

https://daac.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/dsviewer.pl?ds_id=1736
Archived Data Citation:  Warner, D.L., B.P. Bond-Lamberty, J. Jian, E. Stell, and R. Vargas. 2019. Global Gridded 1-km Annual Soil Respiration and Uncertainty Derived from SRDB V3. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1736

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Methodology for Mapping Parameters from the National Forest Inventory
Description:  
Status:  Public
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Mexico
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  National carbon inventories
Relevant Policies/Programs:  National carbon inventories
Potential Users:  National Forestry Commission of Mexico (CONAFOR)
Stakeholders:  Comision nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad (CONABIO) (Point of Contact: Rainer Ressel (rressl@conabio.gob.mx)); Instituto Tecnologico de Sonora (Point of Contact: Enrico Yepez (enrico.yepez@itson.edu.mx)); Programa Mexicano del Carbono (Point of Contact: Fernando Paz (ferpazpel@gmail.com)); Sergio Villela (Point of Contact: svillela@conafor.gob.mx)
Current Application Readiness Level:  9
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Metadata URL(s):

https://snigf.cnf.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/Resultados%20Hist%C3%B3ricos%20INFyS/2009%20-%202014/Informe%20de%20resultados/Informe%20inventario%202009%20-%202014.pdf
Data Server URL(s):

https://snigf.cnf.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/Resultados%20Hist%C3%B3ricos%20INFyS/2009%20-%202014/Informe%20de%20resultados/Informe%20inventario%202009%20-%202014.pdf
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Soil Organic Carbon Estimates and Uncertainty at 1-m Depth across Mexico, 1999-2009
Start Date:  01/1999      End Date:  12/2009     (1999-2009)
Description:  This dataset provides an estimate of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the top one meter of soil across Mexico at a 90-m resolution for the period 1999-2009. Carbon estimates (kg/m2) are based on a field data collection of 2852 soil profiles by the National Institute for Statistics and Geography (INEGI). The profile data were used for the development of a predictive model along with a set of environmental covariates that were harmonized in a regular grid of 90x90 m2 across all Mexican states. The base of reference was the digital elevation model (DEM) of the INEGI at 90-m spatial resolution. A model ensemble of regression trees with a recursive elimination of variables explained 54% of the total variability using a cross-validation technique of independent samples. The error associated with the predictive model estimates of SOC is provided. A summary of the total estimated SOC per state, statistical description of the modeled SOC data, and the number of pixels modeled for each state are also provided.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; MRV
Keywords:  soil carbon
Spatial Extent:  Mexico
Spatial Resolution:  90 m
Temporal Frequency:  One-time SOC model predictions
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  Mexican Forest Service (CONAFOR)
Stakeholders:  Comision nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad (CONABIO) (Point of Contact: Rainer Ressel (rressl@conabio.gob.mx)); El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Point of Contact: Bernardus de Jong (ben-toshiba@hotmail.com)); Instituto Tecnologico de Sonora (Point of Contact: Enrico Yepez (enrico.yepez@itson.edu.mx)); Programa Mexicano del Carbono (Point of Contact: Fernando Paz (ferpazpel@gmail.com)); Sergio Villela (Point of Contact: svillela@conafor.gob.mx)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1754
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1754
Archived Data Citation:  Guevara, M., and R. Vargas. 2020. Soil Organic Carbon Estimates and Uncertainty at 1-m Depth across Mexico, 1999-2009. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1754

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-117.12000 East Longitude:-86.74000
North Latitude:32.72000 South Latitude:14.53000

Product Title:  Soil Organic Carbon Estimates for 30-cm Depth, Mexico and Conterminous USA, 1991-2011
Start Date:  01/1991      End Date:  12/2011     (1991-2011)
Description:  This dataset provides two sets of gridded estimates of estimated soil organic carbon (SOC) and associated uncertainties for 0-30 cm topsoil layer in kg SOC/m2 at 250-m resolution across Mexico and the conterminous USA (CONUS). The first set of gridded SOC estimates, for the period 1991-2010, were derived using multi-source SOC field data and multiple environmental variables representative of the soil forming environment coupled with a machine learning approach (i.e., simulated annealing) and regression tree ensemble modeling for optimized SOC prediction. Predictions of gridded SOC and uncertainty based on multiple bulk density (BD) pedotransfer functions (PFTs) are also included. The second set of gridded SOC estimates, for the period 2009-2011, were derived from two fully independent validation field datasets from across both countries. Note that the same environmental variables and modeling approach used for the first set of estimates were applied to the second set to assess the models' sensitivity to multiple SOC data sources. The SOC field data for the first set of estimates are provided in this dataset and the other data sources, including the two independent validation field datasets, are referenced.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  MRV
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Mexico and the conterminous USA (CONUS)
Spatial Resolution:  250 m
Temporal Frequency:  One-time SOC model predictions
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  
Stakeholders:  Instituto Tecnologico de Sonora (Point of Contact: Enrico Yepez (enrico.yepez@itson.edu.mx)); Programa Mexicano del Carbono (Point of Contact: Fernando Paz (ferpazpel@gmail.com)); Sergio Villela (Point of Contact: svillela@conafor.gob.mx)
Current Application Readiness Level:  7
Start Application Readiness Level:  1
Target Application Readiness Level:  9
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1737
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1737
Archived Data Citation:  Guevara, M., C.E. Arroyo-cruz, N. Brunsell, C.O. Cruz-gaistardo, G.M. Domke, J. Equihua, J. Etchevers, D.J. Hayes, T. Hengl, A. Ibelles, K. Johnson, B. de Jong, Z. Libohova, R. Llamas, L. Nave, J.L. Ornelas, F. Paz, R. Ressl, A. Schwartz, S. Wills, and R. Vargas. 2020. Soil Organic Carbon Estimates for 30-cm Depth, Mexico and Conterminous USA, 1991-2011. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1737

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-129.79000 East Longitude:-65.58000
North Latitude:49.61000 South Latitude:11.32000

Product Title:  NEX-Gridded Daily Meteorology (NEX-GDM) land surface climate data
Start Date:  01/1979      End Date:  12/2017     (1979 to current year)
Description:  NEX-Gridded Daily Meteorology (NEX-GDM) land surface climate data are available from 1979 to the current year over the conterminous US. NEX-GDM is a 1-km daily climate data set, including precipitation, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation. These climate data were interpolated between ground weather station measurements from several dozen spatial source datasets. The interpolation algorithm is based on random forest regression, which is extended to estimate the spatial patterns of climate variables. NEX-GDM can be useful for research and practical applications, such as climatology, hydrology, ecology, agriculture, and public health.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  CONUS
Spatial Resolution:  1 km
Temporal Frequency:  daily
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  researchers, scientists, NASA
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  5
Target Application Readiness Level:  5
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  NASA HECC data portal
Metadata URL(s):

https://data.nas.nasa.gov/geonex/data.php?dir=/geonexdata/NEX-GDM
Data Server URL(s):

https://data.nas.nasa.gov/geonex/data.php?dir=/geonexdata/NEX-GDM
Archived Data Citation:  Hashimoto H, Wang W, Melton F, Moreno A, Michaelis A, and Nemani R. (2019). NEX-Gridded Daily Meteorology (NEX-GDM) land surface climate data. https://data.nas.nasa.gov/geonex/data.php?dir=/geonexdata/NEX-GDM

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Greenness Trends and Carbon Stocks of Mangrove Forests Across Mexico, 2001-2015
Start Date:  01/2001      End Date:  12/2015     (2001-200=15)
Description:  This dataset provides estimates of greenness trends, above- and belowground carbon stocks, and climate variables of the persistent mangrove forests on the coasts of Mexico (PMFM) at a 1 km resolution from 2001 through 2015. Data are available as one-time estimates or across the temporal range; typically as monthly summaries. One-time estimates of aboveground carbon and soil organic carbon stocks for the PMFM derived from existing sources are provided. Also included are the monthly mean normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from MOD13A3 used to derive greenness trends, monthly mean air temperature, and total monthly precipitation from Daymet for 2001-2015 across the PMFM. Other files include the distribution and coverage of PMFM across Mexico. Distributions are provided as four categories of PMFM: (1) Arid mangroves with Surface Water as main input, along the Gulf of California and Pacific Coast (ARsw); (2) humid mangroves with surface water input along the Pacific Coast (HUsw-Pa); (3) humid mangroves with surface water input along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico (HUsw-Gf); (4) humid mangroves with groundwater input along the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea (HUgw). These data provide a baseline for national monitoring programs, carbon accounting models, and greenness trends in coastal wetlands.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Terrestrial Coastline of Mexico
Spatial Resolution:  1 km
Temporal Frequency:  One-time estimates of Greenness Trends over the temporal range and Carbon stocks. Monthly means or totals of climate variables and NDVI from 2001 to 2015
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
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Stakeholders:  Comision nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad (CONABIO) (Point of Contact: Rainer Ressel (rressl@conabio.gob.mx))
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  3
Target Application Readiness Level:  6
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1853
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1853
Archived Data Citation:  Vázquez-Lule, A., R. Colditz, J. Herrera-silveira, M. Guevara, M.G. Rodríguez-Zúñiga, I. Cruz, R. Ressl, and R. Vargas. 2021. Greenness Trends and Carbon Stocks of Mangrove Forests Across Mexico, 2001-2015. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1853

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-114.06000 East Longitude:-86.53000
North Latitude:29.73000 South Latitude:14.43000

Product Title:  Tree Cover Estimates at 30 m Resolution for Mexico, 2016-2018
Start Date:  01/2016      End Date:  12/2018     (2016-01-01 to 2018-12-31)
Description:  The data set provides multi-year (2016-2018) percent tree cover (TC) estimates for entire Mexico at 30 m spatial resolution. The TC data (hereafter, NEX-TC) was derived from the 30 m Landsat Collection 1 product and a hierarchical deep learning approach (U-Net) developed in a previous CMS effort for the conterminous United States (CONUS) (Park et al., 2022). The hierarchical U-Net framework first developed a U-Net model for very high-resolution aerial images (NAIP) using training labels derived from previous work based on an interactive image segmentation tool and iterative updates with expert knowledge (Basu et al., 2015). The developed NAIP U-Net model and NAIP data produced 1-m NAIP TC across all lower 48 CONUS states. A Landsat U-Net model was developed for multi-year and large-scale TC mapping based on the very high-resolution NAIP TC made in the earlier stage. The Landsat U-Net model developed was adopted over the CONUS for testing its transferability, validation, and improvement across Mexico. This dataset provides national-scale percent tree cover estimates over Mexico and can be helpful for studies of carbon cycling, land cover and land use change, etc. The team has been working on improving temporal stability of the product and will update the product once the next version is ready to be shared.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Decision Support; Land Biomass; MRV
Keywords:  Land Biomass, Decision Support, MRV
Spatial Extent:  Mexico
Spatial Resolution:  0.0002695 degrees (~30 m)
Temporal Frequency:  Annual
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
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Current Application Readiness Level:  
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Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2137
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2137
Archived Data Citation:  Park, T., and R. Vargas. 2022. Tree Cover Estimates at 30 m Resolution for Mexico, 2016-2018. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2137

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-118.40000 East Longitude:-86.70000
North Latitude:32.72000 South Latitude:14.53000

 
Publications: 2020. State of the Climate in 2019. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 101(8), S1-S429. DOI: 10.1175/2020BAMSStateoftheClimate.1

Barba, J., Cueva, A., Bahn, M., Barron-Gafford, G. A., Bond-Lamberty, B., Hanson, P. J., Jaimes, A., Kulmala, L., Pumpanen, J., Scott, R. L., Wohlfahrt, G., Vargas, R. 2018. Comparing ecosystem and soil respiration: Review and key challenges of tower-based and soil measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 249, 434-443. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.10.028

Basu, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Karki, M., DiBiano, R., Ganguly, S., Nemani, R., Gayaka, S. 2018. Deep neural networks for texture classification--A theoretical analysis. Neural Networks. 97, 173-182. DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2017.10.001

Bond-Lamberty, B., Bailey, V. L., Chen, M., Gough, C. M., Vargas, R. 2018. Globally rising soil heterotrophic respiration over recent decades. Nature. 560(7716), 80-83. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x

Cueva, A., Bullock, S. H., Mendez-Alonzo, R., Lopez-Reyes, E., Vargas, R. 2021. Foliage Senescence as a Key Parameter for Modeling Gross Primary Productivity in a Mediterranean Shrubland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 126(1). DOI: 10.1029/2020JG005839

Delgado-Balbuena J, Yépez EA, Paz-Pellat F, Ángeles-Pérez G, Aguirre-Gutiérrez C, Alvarado-Barrientos MS, Arredondo T, Ayala-Niño F, Bullock S, Castellanos AE, Cueva A, Figueroa-Espinoza B, Garatuza- Payán J, González-del Castillo E, González-Sosa E, Guevara-Escobar A, Hinojo-Hinojo C, Kyaw-Tha PU, Lizárraga-Celaya C, Maya-Delgado Y, Oechel W, Pérez-Ruiz ER, Quesada-Avendaño M, Robles-Zazueta CA, Rodríguez JC, Rojas-Robles NE, Tarin-Terrazas T, Troyo-Diéguez E, Uuh-Sonda J, Vargas-Terminel ML, Vargas R, Vega-Puga MG, Verduzco VS, Vivoni ER, Watts CJ (2019) Database of vertical carbon dioxide fluxes at terrestrial and coastal ecosystems in Mexico. Elementos para Politicas Publicas. 2(2)93-108. http://www.elementospolipub.org/ojs/index.php/epp/article/view/41/49

Delgado-Balbuena, J., Arredondo, J. T., Loescher, H. W., Pineda-Martinez, L. F., Carbajal, J. N., Vargas, R. 2019. Seasonal Precipitation Legacy Effects Determine the Carbon Balance of a Semiarid Grassland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 124(4), 987-1000. DOI: 10.1029/2018JG004799

Ganguly S, Basu S, Nemani R, Mukhopadhyay S, Michaelis A, Votava P, Milesi C, Kumar U (2018) Deep Learning for Very High-Resolution Imagery Classification, Large-Scale Machine Learning in the Earth Sciences, Chapter 7, in Large-Scale Machine Learning in the Earth Sciences. Srivastava, A.N., Nemani, R. and Steinhaeuser, K. eds., CRC Press. ISBN: 9781498703888.

Guevara, M., Arroyo, C., Brunsell, N., Cruz, C. O., Domke, G., Equihua, J., Etchevers, J., Hayes, D., Hengl, T., Ibelles, A., Johnson, K., Jong, B., Libohova, Z., Llamas, R., Nave, L., Ornelas, J. L., Paz, F., Ressl, R., Schwartz, A., Victoria, A., Wills, S., Vargas, R. 2020. Soil Organic Carbon Across Mexico and the Conterminous United States (1991-2010). Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 34(3). DOI: 10.1029/2019GB006219

Guevara, M., Olmedo, G. F., Stell, E., Yigini, Y., Aguilar Duarte, Y., Arellano Hernandez, C., Arevalo, G. E., Arroyo-Cruz, C. E., Bolivar, A., Bunning, S., Bustamante Canas, N., Cruz-Gaistardo, C. O., Davila, F., Dell Acqua, M., Encina, A., Figueredo Tacona, H., Fontes, F., Hernandez Herrera, J. A., Ibelles Navarro, A. R., Loayza, V., Manueles, A. M., Mendoza Jara, F., Olivera, C., Osorio Hermosilla, R., Pereira, G., Prieto, P., Ramos, I. A., Rey Brina, J. C., Rivera, R., Rodriguez-Rodriguez, J., Roopnarine, R., Rosales Ibarra, A., Rosales Riveiro, K. A., Schulz, G. A., Spence, A., Vasques, G. M., Vargas, R. R., Vargas, R. 2018. No silver bullet for digital soil mapping: country-specific soil organic carbon estimates across Latin America. SOIL. 4(3), 173-193. DOI: 10.5194/soil-4-173-2018

Guevara, M., Vargas, R. 2021. Prediccion de carbono organico en los suelos de Mexico a 1 m de profundidad y 90 m de resolucion espacial (1999-2009). REVISTA TERRA LATINOAMERICANA. 39. DOI: 10.28940/terra.v39i0.1241

Harden, J. W., Hugelius, G., Ahlstrom, A., Blankinship, J. C., Bond-Lamberty, B., Lawrence, C. R., Loisel, J., Malhotra, A., Jackson, R. B., Ogle, S., Phillips, C., Ryals, R., Todd-Brown, K., Vargas, R., Vergara, S. E., Cotrufo, M. F., Keiluweit, M., Heckman, K. A., Crow, S. E., Silver, W. L., DeLonge, M., Nave, L. E. 2017. Networking our science to characterize the state, vulnerabilities, and management opportunities of soil organic matter. Global Change Biology. 24(2). DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13896

Hashimoto, H., Wang, W., Melton, F. S., Moreno, A. L., Ganguly, S., Michaelis, A. R., Nemani, R. R. 2019. High-resolution mapping of daily climate variables by aggregating multiple spatial data sets with the random forest algorithm over the conterminous United States. International Journal of Climatology. 39(6), 2964-2983. DOI: 10.1002/joc.5995

Hayes, D. J., Vargas, R., Alin, S., Conant, R. T., Hutyra, L. R., Jacobson, A. R., Kurz, W. A., Liu, S., McGuire, A. D., Poulter, B., Woodall, C. W. 2018. Chapter 2: The North American Carbon Budget. Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report DOI: 10.7930/SOCCR2.2018.Ch2

Hinojo-Hinojo, C., Castellanos, A. E., Huxman, T., Rodriguez, J. C., Vargas, R., Romo-Leon, J. R., Biederman, J. A. 2019. Native shrubland and managed buffelgrass savanna in drylands: Implications for ecosystem carbon and water fluxes. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 268, 269-278. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.01.030

Hinojo-Hinojo, C., Castellanos, A. E., Llano-Sotelo, J., Penuelas, J., Vargas, R., Romo-Leon, J. R. 2018. High Vcmax, Jmax and photosynthetic rates of Sonoran Desert species: Using nitrogen and specific leaf area traits as predictors in biochemical models. Journal of Arid Environments. 156, 1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.04.006

Jian, J., Vargas, R., Anderson-Teixeira, K., Stell, E., Herrmann, V., Horn, M., Kholod, N., Manzon, J., Marchesi, R., Paredes, D., Bond-Lamberty, B. 2021. A restructured and updated global soil respiration database (SRDB-V5). Earth System Science Data. 13(2), 255-267. DOI: 10.5194/essd-13-255-2021

Kim, M., Ham, B., Kraxner, F., Shvidenko, A., Schepaschenko, D., Krasovskii, A., Park, T., Lee, W. 2020. Species- and elevation-dependent productivity changes in East Asian temperate forests. Environmental Research Letters. 15(3), 034012. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab71a2

Kumar, U., Ganguly, S., Nemani, R. R., Raja, K. S., Milesi, C., Sinha, R., Michaelis, A., Votava, P., Hashimoto, H., Li, S., Wang, W., Kalia, S., Gayaka, S. 2017. Exploring Subpixel Learning Algorithms for Estimating Global Land Cover Fractions from Satellite Data Using High Performance Computing. Remote Sensing. 9(11), 1105. DOI: 10.3390/rs9111105

Liu, Q., Basu, S., Ganguly, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., DiBiano, R., Karki, M., Nemani, R. 2019. DeepSat V2: feature augmented convolutional neural nets for satellite image classification. Remote Sensing Letters. 11(2), 156-165. DOI: 10.1080/2150704X.2019.1693071

Peano, D., Hemming, D., Materia, S., Delire, C., Fan, Y., Joetzjer, E., Lee, H., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Park, T., Peylin, P., Warlind, D., Wiltshire, A., Zaehle, S. Plant phenology evaluation of CRESCENDO land surface models - Part I: start and end of growing season DOI: 10.5194/bg-2020-319

Piao, S., Wang, X., Park, T., Chen, C., Lian, X., He, Y., Bjerke, J. W., Chen, A., Ciais, P., Tommervik, H., Nemani, R. R., Myneni, R. B. 2019. Characteristics, drivers and feedbacks of global greening. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 1(1), 14-27. DOI: 10.1038/s43017-019-0001-x

Rojas-Robles, N. E., Garatuza-Payan, J., Alvarez-Yepiz, J. C., Sanchez-Mejia, Z. M., Vargas, R., Yepez, E. A. 2020. Environmental Controls on Carbon and Water Fluxes in an Old-Growth Tropical Dry Forest. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 125(8). DOI: 10.1029/2020JG005666

Saatchi, S., Longo, M., Xu, L., Yang, Y., Abe, H., Andre, M., Aukema, J. E., Carvalhais, N., Cadillo-Quiroz, H., Cerbu, G. A., Chernela, J. M., Covey, K., Sanchez-Clavijo, L. M., Cubillos, I. V., Davies, S. J., De Sy, V., De Vleeschouwer, F., Duque, A., Sybille Durieux, A. M., De Avila Fernandes, K., Fernandez, L. E., Gammino, V., Garrity, D. P., Gibbs, D. A., Gibbon, L., Gowae, G. Y., Hansen, M., Lee Harris, N., Healey, S. P., Hilton, R. G., Johnson, C. M., Kankeu, R. S., Laporte-Goetz, N. T., Lee, H., Lovejoy, T., Lowman, M., Lumbuenamo, R., Malhi, Y., Albert Martinez, J. M., Nobre, C., Pellegrini, A., Radachowsky, J., Roman, F., Russell, D., Sheil, D., Smith, T. B., Spencer, R. G., Stolle, F., Tata, H. L., Torres, D. D. C., Tshimanga, R. M., Vargas, R., Venter, M., West, J., Widayati, A., Wilson, S. N., Brumby, S., Elmore, A. C. 2021. Detecting vulnerability of humid tropical forests to multiple stressors. One Earth. 4(7), 988-1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2021.06.002

Soriano-Luna, M., Angeles-Perez, G., Guevara, M., Birdsey, R., Pan, Y., Vaquera-Huerta, H., Valdez-Lazalde, J., Johnson, K., Vargas, R. 2018. Determinants of Above-Ground Biomass and Its Spatial Variability in a Temperate Forest Managed for Timber Production. Forests. 9(8), 490. DOI: 10.3390/f9080490

Stell, E., Warner, D., Jian, J., Bond-Lamberty, B., Vargas, R. 2021. Spatial biases of information influence global estimates of soil respiration: How can we improve global predictions? Global Change Biology. 27(16), 3923-3938. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15666

Vandal, T., Kodra, E., Dy, J., Ganguly, S., Nemani, R., Ganguly, A. R. 2018. Quantifying Uncertainty in Discrete-Continuous and Skewed Data with Bayesian Deep Learning. Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. DOI: 10.1145/3219819.3219996

Vandal, T., Kodra, E., Ganguly, S., Michaelis, A., Nemani, R., Ganguly, A. R. 2017. DeepSD. Proceedings of the 23rd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. DOI: 10.1145/3097983.3098004

Vazquez-Lule A*, Bejarano M, Olguin M, Villeda E, Vargas R (2018). Integración y síntesis de datos para el monitoreo de los manglares de México. In: Métodos para la caracterización de los manglares mexicanos: un enfoque espacial multi-escala. Edited by CONABIO. pp 245-265. ISBN: 978-607-8570-03-4. http://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/ecosistemas/manglares2013/pdf/metodos/caracterizacion_manglares.pdf

Vazquez-Lule, A., Colditz, R., Herrera-Silveira, J., Guevara, M., Rodriguez-Zuniga, M. T., Cruz, I., Ressl, R., Vargas, R. 2019. Greenness trends and carbon stocks of mangroves across Mexico. Environmental Research Letters. 14(7), 075010. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab246e

Villarreal, S., Guevara, M., Alcaraz-Segura, D., Brunsell, N. A., Hayes, D., Loescher, H. W., Vargas, R. 2018. Ecosystem functional diversity and the representativeness of environmental networks across the conterminous United States. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 262, 423-433. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.07.016

Villarreal, S., Guevara, M., Alcaraz-Segura, D., Vargas, R. 2019. Optimizing an Environmental Observatory Network Design Using Publicly Available Data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 124(7), 1812-1826. DOI: 10.1029/2018JG004714

Villarreal, S., Vargas, R. 2021. Representativeness of FLUXNET Sites Across Latin America. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 126(3). DOI: 10.1029/2020JG006090

Warner, D. L., Bond-Lamberty, B., Jian, J., Stell, E., Vargas, R. 2019. Spatial Predictions and Associated Uncertainty of Annual Soil Respiration at the Global Scale. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 33(12), 1733-1745. DOI: 10.1029/2019GB006264

Wheeler, K. I., Levia, D. F., Vargas, R. 2019. Visible and near-infrared hyperspectral indices explain more variation in lower-crown leaf nitrogen concentrations in autumn than in summer. Oecologia. 192(1), 13-27. DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04554-2

Archived Data Citations: Guevara, M., C.E. Arroyo-cruz, N. Brunsell, C.O. Cruz-gaistardo, G.M. Domke, J. Equihua, J. Etchevers, D.J. Hayes, T. Hengl, A. Ibelles, K. Johnson, B. de Jong, Z. Libohova, R. Llamas, L. Nave, J.L. Ornelas, F. Paz, R. Ressl, A. Schwartz, S. Wills, and R. Vargas. 2020. Soil Organic Carbon Estimates for 30-cm Depth, Mexico and Conterminous USA, 1991-2011. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1737

Villarreal, S., R. Vargas, and D. Alcaraz-segura. 2019. Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for the Conterminous USA, 2001-2014. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1659

Guevara, M., G.F. Olmedo, E. Stell, Y. Yigini, C.A. Hernandez, G. Arevalo, C.E. Arroyo-cruz, A. Bolivar, S. Bunning, N.B. Canas, C.O. Cruz-gaistardo, F. Davila, M.D. Acqua, A. Encina, F. Fontes, J.A.H. Herrera, A.R.I. Navarro, V. Loayza, A.M. Manueles, F.M. Jara, C. Olivera, G. Pereira, P. Prieto, I.A. Ramos, J.C.R. Brina, R. Rivera, J. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, R. Roopnarine, A. Rosales, K.A.R. Rivero, G.A. Schulz, A. Spence, G.M. Vasques, R.R. Vargas, and R. Vargas. 2019. Soil Organic Carbon Stock Estimates with Uncertainty across Latin America. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1615

Villarreal, S., D. Alcaraz-Segura, M. Guevara, and R. Vargas. 2019. Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for Mexico, 2001-2014. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1693

Warner, D.L., B.P. Bond-Lamberty, J. Jian, E. Stell, and R. Vargas. 2019. Global Gridded 1-km Annual Soil Respiration and Uncertainty Derived from SRDB V3. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1736

Guevara, M., and R. Vargas. 2020. Soil Organic Carbon Estimates and Uncertainty at 1-m Depth across Mexico, 1999-2009. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1754

Hashimoto H, Wang W, Melton F, Moreno A, Michaelis A, and Nemani R. (2019). NEX-Gridded Daily Meteorology (NEX-GDM) land surface climate data. https://data.nas.nasa.gov/geonex/data.php?dir=/geonexdata/NEX-GDM

Vázquez-Lule, A., R. Colditz, J. Herrera-silveira, M. Guevara, M.G. Rodríguez-Zúñiga, I. Cruz, R. Ressl, and R. Vargas. 2021. Greenness Trends and Carbon Stocks of Mangrove Forests Across Mexico, 2001-2015. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1853

Park, T., and R. Vargas. 2022. Tree Cover Estimates at 30 m Resolution for Mexico, 2016-2018. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2137