Lohrenz (CMS 2014) Project Profile   (updated 22-Feb-2021)
Project Title:An Integrated Terrestrial-Coastal Ocean Observation and Modeling Framework for Carbon Management Decision Support

Science Team
Members:

Steven (Steve) Lohrenz, University of Massachusetts (Project Lead)
Hanqin Tian, Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society, Boston College

Project Duration: 2014 - 2018
Solicitation:NASA: Carbon Monitoring System (2014)
Abstract: The NASA Carbon Monitoring System effort seeks to apply satellite remote sensing resources along with observational and modeling capabilities to improve monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes, particularly as they contribute to the development of Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system capabilities. Our prior NASA-funded research employs a combination of models and remotely-sensed and in situ observations to develop georeferenced products and associated uncertainties for land-ocean exchange of carbon, air-sea exchanges of carbon dioxide, and coastal to open ocean exchanges of carbon. A major aspect of this project has been to establish and populate geospatial portals for sharing and analysis of carbon datasets and products. The primary region of study has been the Mississippi River watershed and northern Gulf of Mexico. The unique nature of our approach, coupling models of terrestrial and ocean ecosystem dynamics and associated carbon processes, allows for assessment of how societal and human-related land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) and climate-related change affect terrestrial carbon storage and fluxes, as well as export of materials through watersheds to the coastal margins. Here, we propose to extend the domain of our observational and integrated terrestrial-ocean ecosystem model system to include the southeastern U.S. and South Atlantic Bight. In addition to land-ocean and sea-atmosphere exchanges, we will utilize satellite observations together with the capabilities of the terrestrial ecosystem model to characterize and quantify terrestrial carbon storage and fluxes, including land-atmosphere fluxes of both carbon dioxide and methane. Our approach will include assembling model products along with associated uncertainties and errors in a geospatial framework that will facilitate decision support for carbon and land use management. Objectives of the proposed research include the following: 1) Expand the spatial domain of our observational and integrated modeling approach to include the Mississippi River basin and southeastern U.S., and examine terrestrial carbon storage and fluxes including characterization and quantification of biomass and carbon stocks in and land-atmosphere, land-ocean, and sea-atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane; 2) Examine different LULUCF scenarios within the terrestrial domain and different climate scenarios to assess effectiveness of carbon management strategies; 3) Engage with other CMS projects and stakeholders (e.g., USDA, National Climate Assessment, etc.) to identify user needs related to carbon management and MRV activities, modify and expand the scope of information based on user feedback, and explore possible transition of prototype products to fully operational status. The Application Readiness Level of our prior CMS project was rated as ARL-4 (Initial Implementation and Verification in Laboratory Environment), with the potential to advance to ARL-6 (Demonstration in a Relevant Environment). A goal of this proposed research will be to advance this capability to ARL-7 (Application of Prototype in Partner’s Operational Decision Making Environment). Our proposed effort will aid in the effective implementation of MRV approaches, which require an understanding of the contributions of individual forest and other ecotypes beyond local to regional and national scale carbon processes. Furthermore, our proposed effort will aid in governance and decision support related to carbon management, including the ability to evaluate different LULUCF scenarios in the context of changing climate conditions. Extended impacts of forest and other land use management strategies on carbon storage and transport, including in soils and into watersheds and coastal margins will be assessed. Finally, this information will be readily accessible as a geo-referenced product to support operational needs of stakeholders.
Measurement Approaches:
  • Remote Sensing
  • In Situ Measurements
  • Modeling
Project Associations:
  • CMS
CMS Primary Theme:
  • Land-Ocean Flux
CMS Science Theme(s):
  • Land Biomass
  • Land-Atmosphere Flux
  • Ocean-Atmosphere Flux
  • Land-Ocean Flux
  • Decision Support
  • MRV

Participants:

Wei-Jun Cai, University of Delaware
Ruoying He, North Carolina State University & Fathom Science
Steven (Steve) Lohrenz, University of Massachusetts
Benjamin Pfeil, Surface Ocean Carbon Atlas (SOCAT)
Gyami Shrestha, Lynker Corporation
Hanqin Tian, Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society, Boston College

Contact Support to request an email list of project participants.

Project URL(s): http://omgsrv1.meas.ncsu.edu:8080/thredds/sabgom_catalog.html
http://www.gulfcarbon.org
 
Data
Products:
Product Title:  Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, salinity and other variables collected from Surface underway observations using Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer, Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement and other instruments from the USS BOLD in the Gulf of Mexico from 2006-06-06 to 2006-09-11 (NCEI Accession 0117493)
Start Date:  06/2006      End Date:  09/2006     (1904-present, present-2099 (projected))
Description:  NODC Accession 0117493 includes Surface underway, chemical, meteorological and physical data collected from USS BOLD in the Gulf of Mexico from 2006-06-06 to 2006-09-11. These data include BAROMETRIC PRESSURE, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - water, SALINITY and SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement.

These data were collected by Wei-Jun Cai, Wei-Jen Huang and Yongchen Wang of University of Georgia; School of Marine Programs as part of the Coastal_UG_Gulf_of_Mexico_2006 data set. CDIAC assigned the following cruise ID(s) to this data set: 31B520060606 (GM0606) and 31B520060906 (GM0609).

The Global Coastal Carbon Data Project data includes the bottle (discrete) and surface (underway) carbon-related measurements from coastal research cruises, the data from time series cruises and coastal moorings. The coastal regions data are very important for the understanding of carbon cycle on the continental margins.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  MRV; Ocean-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Flux/Movement (; oceanic; ; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  Southeastern U.S. and South Atlantic Bight
Spatial Resolution:  5 km
Temporal Frequency:  Monthly
Input Data Products:  Various
Algorithm/Models Used:  DLEM, SABGOM, ROMS, other
Evaluation:  MODIS, AVHRR, VIIRS, and other satellites, ship-based observations, NOAA Ocean Acidification monitoring program
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  We will focus on quantifying the estimation errors and uncertainties induced by modeling algorithms, model parameters, input data and the coupling between land and ocean models. Formal assessment of uncertainty in coupled land surface-ocean models includes several steps: (1) identification of the output(s) of interests, (2) identification of a limited set of input parameters to which outputs are most sensitive, and that may vary depending on the output of interest, (3) development of the distributions for inputs and their correlation structure, (4) design and evaluation of a Monte Carlo experiment. The input parameters exhibiting the highest model sensitivity will be identified and studied in more detail.
Uncertainty Categories:  ensemble
Application Areas:  - ocean acidification mitigation and carbon management
Relevant Policies/Programs:  NACP, National Climate Assessment of U.S. Global Change Research Program, NASA Coastal Carbon Synthesis, Carbon North America (CarboNA), Coastal Zone Management Act, Clean Water Act (CWA), US-Mexico Bilateral Framework on Clean Energy and Climate Change (US-Mexico Bilateral)
Potential Users:  NOAA, US Global Change Research Program
Stakeholders:  NASA SeaBASS Database (Point of Contact: Joel Scott, joel.scott@nasa.gov); NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Point of Contact: Libby Jewett, libby.jewett@noaa.gov and Dwight Gledhill, dwight.gledhill@noaa.gov); Surface Ocean Carbon Atlas (SOCAT) (Point of Contact: Benjamin Pfeil, benjamin.pfeil@gfi.uib.no)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  None at this time
Limitations:  Limited by reliability of estimated ocean boundary condition; model validation limited by number of in situ observations; satellite comparisons constrained by cloud coverage and continuity of ocean color imagery
Date When Product Available:  June 2012
Assigned Data Center:  CDIAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data//2006.data/GM0606_Meta.html

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data//2006.data/GM0609_Meta.html
Data Server URL(s):

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data//2006.data/

http://omgsrv1.meas.ncsu.edu:8080/ocean-circulation/carbon.jsp
Archived Data Citation:  Cai, W.-J., Y. Wang, and W.-J. Huang. 2012. Sea Surface pCO2 measurements in the Gulf of Mexico during the Ocean Survey Vessel Bold cruises in 2006. http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2006.data. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.UG_GOM_UW_2006.

Xue, Z., R. He, K. Fennel, W. J. Cai, S. Lohrenz, W. J. Huang, H. Tian, W. Ren, and Z. Zang (2016), Modeling pCO2 variability in the Gulf of Mexico, Biogeosciences, 13(15), 4359-4377, DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-4359-2016

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-93.43010 East Longitude:-87.33980
North Latitude:30.23490 South Latitude:28.17990

Product Title:  Spatial patterns of carbon and other products in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Bight
Description:  Map-based visualization of monthly ocean physical conditions and processes and carbon and other biogeochemical properties in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Bight from 2005-2010
Status:  Public
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land Biomass; Land-Atmosphere Flux; Land-Ocean Flux; MRV; Ocean-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Evaluation & User Interfaces
Spatial Extent:  
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  - MRV; - Land management; - Watershed protection plans; - Ocean acidification mitigation and carbon management
Relevant Policies/Programs:  NACP, National Climate Assessment of U.S. Global Change Research Program, NASA Coastal Carbon Synthesis, Carbon North America (CarboNA), Coastal Zone Management Act, Clean Water Act (CWA), US-Mexico Bilateral Framework on Clean Energy and Climate Change (US-Mexico Bilateral)
Potential Users:  USDA, EPA (Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force), NOAA, USGS, US Global Change Research Program, CMS terrestrial flux teams
Stakeholders:  NASA SeaBASS Database (Point of Contact: Joel Scott, joel.scott@nasa.gov); NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Point of Contact: Libby Jewett, libby.jewett@noaa.gov and Dwight Gledhill, dwight.gledhill@noaa.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  5
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  None at this time
Limitations:  Model projections are dependent on reliability of climate and land use scenarios
Date When Product Available:  Variable
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):

http://omgsrv1.meas.ncsu.edu:8080/ocean-circulation/carbon.jsp
Archived Data Citation:  
Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:0.00000 East Longitude:0.00000
North Latitude:0.00000 South Latitude:0.00000

Product Title:  Gulf of Mexico carbon and bio-optical measurements
Start Date:  01/2009
Description:  Satellite Assessment of CO2 Distribution, Variability and Flux and Understanding of Control Mechanisms in a River Dominated Ocean Margin
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  
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Evaluation:  
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Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  NOAA, US Global Change Research Program
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  September 2014
Assigned Data Center:  SeaBASS
Metadata URL(s):
Data Server URL(s):

https://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/experiment/GulfCarbon
Archived Data Citation:  Lohrenz, S. E., W.-J. Cai, S. Chakraborty, W.-J. Huang, K. Martin, X. Chen. Phytoplankton pigment, optical properties and CTD data from the Gulf of Mexico during the R/V Cape Hatteras cruises in 2009 and 2010. http://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/seabasscgi/data.cgi?experiment=GulfCarbon. DOI: 10.5067/SeaBASS/GULFCARBON/DATA001

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:90.00000 South Latitude:-90.00000

Product Title:  Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, salinity and other variables collected from underway - surface observations using Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer, Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement and other instruments from the CAPE HATTERAS in the Gulf of Mexico from 2009-01-09 to 2010-03-21 (NCEI Accession 0115765)
Start Date:  01/2009      End Date:  03/2010
Description:  NODC Accession 0115765 includes chemical, meteorological, physical and underway - surface data collected from CAPE HATTERAS in the Gulf of Mexico from 2009-01-09 to 2010-03-21. These data include BAROMETRIC PRESSURE, CARBON DIOXIDE - AIR, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, SALINITY and SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement.

These data were collected by Wei-Jun Cai of University of Delaware; College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment; School of Marine Science and Policy as part of the Coastal_Cape Hatteras_GM_0901, Coastal_Cape_Hatteras_GM_0904, Coastal_Cape_Hatteras_GM_0907 and Coastal_Cape_Hatteras_GM_1003 data set. CDIAC assigned the following cruise ID(s) to this data set: 32KZ20090109, 32KZ20090420, 32KZ20090719 and 32KZ20100311.

The Global Coastal Carbon Data Project data includes the bottle (discrete) and surface (underway) carbon-related measurements from coastal research cruises, the data from time series cruises and coastal moorings. The coastal regions data are very important for the understanding of carbon cycle on the continental margins.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
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Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
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Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  NOAA, US Global Change Research Program
Stakeholders:  NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Point of Contact: Libby Jewett, libby.jewett@noaa.gov and Dwight Gledhill, dwight.gledhill@noaa.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  December 2013
Assigned Data Center:  CDIAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Cape_Hatteras_GM/
Data Server URL(s):

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Cape_Hatteras_GM/
Archived Data Citation:  Cai, W.-J., Y. Wang and W.-J. Huang. 2014. Sea surface pCO2 survey in the Gulf of Mexico during the R/V Cape Hatteras cruises in 2009 and 2010. http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Cape_Hatteras_GM/. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.Cape_Hatteras_GM

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-93.81698 East Longitude:-87.98232
North Latitude:30.35972 South Latitude:27.53240

Product Title:  Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, salinity and SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE collected from Surface underway observations using Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer, Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement and other instruments from the USS BOLD in the Gulf of Mexico from 2007-05-02 to 2007-08-24 (NCEI Accession 0117500)
Start Date:  05/2007      End Date:  08/2007
Description:  NODC Accession 0117500 includes Surface underway, chemical and physical data collected from USS BOLD in the Gulf of Mexico from 2007-05-02 to 2007-08-24. These data include Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - water, SALINITY and SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement.

These data were collected by Wei-Jun Cai, Wei-Jen Huang and Yongchen Wang of University of Georgia; School of Marine Programs as part of the Coastal_UG_Gulf_of_Mexico_2007 data set. CDIAC assigned the following cruise ID(s) to this data set: 31B520070502 (GM0705) and 31B520070818 (GM0708).

The Global Coastal Carbon Data Project data includes the bottle (discrete) and surface (underway) carbon-related measurements from coastal research cruises, the data from time series cruises and coastal moorings. The coastal regions data are very important for the understanding of carbon cycle on the continental margins.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  
Spatial Resolution:  
Temporal Frequency:  
Input Data Products:  
Algorithm/Models Used:  
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  
Uncertainty Categories:  
Application Areas:  
Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  NOAA, US Global Change Research Program
Stakeholders:  NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Point of Contact: Libby Jewett, libby.jewett@noaa.gov and Dwight Gledhill, dwight.gledhill@noaa.gov)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  June 2012
Assigned Data Center:  CDIAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2007.data/GM0705_Meta.html

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2007.data/GM0708_Meta.html
Data Server URL(s):

https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2007.data/
Archived Data Citation:  Cai, W.-J., Y. Wang, and W.-J. Huang. 2012. Sea Surface pCO2 measurements in the Gulf of Mexico during the Ocean Survey Vessel Bold cruises in 2007.

http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2007.data.

Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.UG_GOM_UW_2007

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-93.42999 East Longitude:-87.29086
North Latitude:30.27041 South Latitude:28.17926

Product Title:  CMS: Simulated Physical-Biogeochemical Data, SABGOM Model, Gulf of Mexico, 2005-2010
Start Date:  01/2005      End Date:  12/2010
Description:  This dataset contains monthly mean ocean surface physical and biogeochemical data for the Gulf of Mexico simulated by the South Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Mexico (SABGOM) model on a 5-km grid from 2005 to 2010. The simulated data include ocean surface salinity, temperature, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), air-sea CO2 flux, surface currents, and primary production. The SABGOM model is a coupled physical-biogeochemical model for studying circulation and biochemical cycling for the entire Gulf of Mexico to achieve an improved understanding of marine ecosystem variations and their relations with three-dimensional ocean circulation in a gulf-wide context.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  MRV; Ocean Biomass; Ocean-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  Flux/Movement (oceanic; atmospheric)
Spatial Extent:  South Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Mexico
Spatial Resolution:  5 km
Temporal Frequency:  monthly
Input Data Products:  Model inputs included: NCEP’s high-resolution combined model and assimilated atmospheric dataset (North American Regional Reanalysis, www.cdc.noaa.gov) Open boundary conditions for ocean model (temperature, salinity, water level, and velocity) from a data-assimilative global ocean circulation model (HYCOM/NCODA) Observed freshwater and terrestrial nutrient input from 63 major rivers (Aulenbach et al., 2007; Milliman and Farnsworth, 2011; Fuentes-Yaco et al., 2001; and Nixon, 1996) Monthly model outputs of water, NO3, NH4, and alkalinity from the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM)) were used as riverine inputs To account for riverine inputs, a climatological monthly alkalinity time series was constructed by averaging all available US Geological Survey (USGS) observations for each major river, including the Mississippi, Atchafalaya, Mobile, and Brazos in the GoM. Because direct riverine DIC measurements were not available, riverine DIC inputs using the corresponding alkalinity value plus 50 were approximated (Xue et al., 2016).
Algorithm/Models Used:  The model outputs provided in this data set are the monthly mean ocean surface physical and biogeochemical data for the Gulf of Mexico on a 5-km grid from 2005 to 2010. The simulated data include ocean surface salinity, temperature, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), air-sea CO2 flux, surface currents, and primary production.
Evaluation:  
Intercomparison Efforts/Gaps:  
Uncertainty Estimates:  Modeled data were validated against ship-based measurements from sea surface pCO2 database compiled by the Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory, > 180 000 data points in the Gulf over 2005–2010, (Takahashi et al., 2015), and ship-based measurements (> 78 000 data points) from Huang et al. (2015). For the analysis, the GOM was divided into the five subregions: Mexico Shelf (MX), Western Gulf of Mexico Shelf (WGoM), Northern Gulf of Mexico Shelf (NGoM), West Florida Shelf (WF), and open ocean. The data points falling in each of the subregions was first grouped by a 10-day temporal binning and then spatially averaged to get a mean value for each subregion. Agreement between model and observations was better during spring, fall, and winter, than during summer. The model overestimated pCO2 in June 2006, August 2007, and July 2009. Refer to Xue et al. (2016) for additional details.
Uncertainty Categories:  ensemble
Application Areas:  - Ocean acidification mitigation and carbon management; marine ecosystem variations; climate change studies; and marine carbon cycle studies
Relevant Policies/Programs:  NACP, National Climate Assessment of U.S. Global Change Research Program, NASA Coastal Carbon Synthesis, Carbon North America (CarboNA), Coastal Zone Management Act, Clean Water Act (CWA), US-Mexico Bilateral Framework on Clean Energy and Climate Change (US-Mexico Bilateral)
Potential Users:  NOAA, US Global Change Research Program
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  November 2017
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://daac.ornl.gov/CMS/guides/CMS_SABGOM_Model_Simulations.html
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1510
Archived Data Citation:  He, R., and Z. Xue. 2017. CMS: Simulated Physical-Biogeochemical Data, SABGOM Model, Gulf of Mexico, 2005-2010. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1510

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-100.43000 East Longitude:-68.19000
North Latitude:39.37000 South Latitude:13.16000

Product Title:  Ocean Surface pCO2 and Air-Sea CO2 Flux in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, 2006-2010
Start Date:  01/2006      End Date:  01/2011
Description:  This dataset provides 1 km gridded monthly estimates of surface ocean partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and air-sea flux of CO2 (CO2 flux) for the northern Gulf of Mexico for the period 2006 through 2010. Estimates of pCO2 were derived from MODIS/Aqua satellite imagery in combination with ship-based observations. Estimates of CO2 flux were derived from estimates of seawater pCO2, wind fields, and atmospheric pCO2.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Ocean-Atmosphere Flux
Keywords:  
Spatial Extent:  Northern Gulf of Mexico
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Relevant Policies/Programs:  
Potential Users:  USDA, EPA (Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force), NOAA, USGS, US Global Change Research Program, CMS terrestrial flux teams
Stakeholders:  NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Point of Contact: Libby Jewett, libby.jewett@noaa.gov and Dwight Gledhill, dwight.gledhill@noaa.gov); US Global Change Research Program (Point of Contact: Nancy Cavallaro, USDA; Kathy Hibbard, NASA; Gyami Shrestha, US Carbon Cycle Science Program)
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1668
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1668
Archived Data Citation:  Lohrenz, S.E., W.J. Cai, S. Chakraborty, R. He, and H. Tian. 2019. Ocean Surface pCO2 and Air-Sea CO2 Flux in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, 2006-2010. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1668

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-96.00000 East Longitude:-86.00000
North Latitude:32.00000 South Latitude:25.00000

Product Title:  Export and Leaching of Carbon and Nitrogen from Mississippi River Basin, 1901-2099
Start Date:  01/1901      End Date:  12/2099     (1901-2099)
Description:  This dataset provides estimates for export and leaching of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), and total organic nitrogen (TON) from the Mississippi River Basin (MRB) to the Gulf of Mexico. The estimates are provided for a historical period of 1901-2014, and a future period of 2010-2099 (carbon estimates only) under two scenarios of high and low levels of population growth, economy, and energy consumption, respectively. The estimates are from the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model 2.0 (DLEM 2.0). These data are applicable to studying how changes in multiple environmental factors (e.g., fertilizer application, land-use changes, climate variability, atmospheric CO2, and N deposition) affect the dynamics of leaching and export to the Gulf of Mexico.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Land-Ocean Flux
Keywords:  carbon; nitrogen
Spatial Extent:  Mississippi River Basin
Spatial Resolution:  Carbon data are 5 arc minute; nitrogen data are 7.5 arc minute
Temporal Frequency:  annual
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Potential Users:  USDA, EPA (Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force), NOAA, USGS, US Global Change Research Program, CMS terrestrial flux teams
Stakeholders:  
Current Application Readiness Level:  6
Start Application Readiness Level:  3,4
Target Application Readiness Level:  7
Future Developments:  
Limitations:  
Date When Product Available:  
Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1699
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1699
Archived Data Citation:  Tian, H., S.E. Lohrenz, S. Pan, W.J. Cai, and R. He. 2019. Export and Leaching of Carbon and Nitrogen from Mississippi River Basin, 1901-2099. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1699

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-126.00000 East Longitude:-62.00000
North Latitude:53.00000 South Latitude:24.50000

Product Title:  CMS: Annual Estimates of Global Riverine Nitrous Oxide Emissions, 1900-2016
Start Date:  01/1900      End Date:  12/2016     (1900-2016)
Description:  This dataset provides modeled estimates of annual nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions at a coarse geographic scale (0.5 x 0.5 degree) for two sets of global rivers and streams covering the period of 1900-2016. Emissions (g N2O-N/yr) are provided for higher-order rivers and streams (4th order). The estimates were derived from a water transport model, the Model for Scale Adaptive River Transport (MOSART), coupled with the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM) to link hydrology and ecosystem processes pertaining to N2O flux and transport. Factors driving the model included climate, land use and land cover, and nitrogen inputs (i.e., fertilizer, deposition, manure, and sewage). Nitrogen discharges from streams and rivers to the ocean were calibrated from observations from 50 river basins across the globe.
Status:  Archived
CMS Science Theme(s):  Ocean-Atmosphere Flux
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Spatial Extent:  Global
Spatial Resolution:  0.5 x 0.5 degrees
Temporal Frequency:  Annual
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Assigned Data Center:  ORNL DAAC
Metadata URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1791
Data Server URL(s):

https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1791
Archived Data Citation:  Yao, Y., and H. Tian. 2021. CMS: Annual Estimates of Global Riverine Nitrous Oxide Emissions, 1900-2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1791

Bounding Coordinates:
West Longitude:-180.00000 East Longitude:180.00000
North Latitude:88.50000 South Latitude:-88.50000

 
Publications: Chakraborty, S., Lohrenz, S. E., Gundersen, K. 2017. Photophysiological and light absorption properties of phytoplankton communities in the river-dominated margin of the northern G ulf of M exico. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 122(6), 4922-4938. DOI: 10.1002/2016JC012092

Fennel, K., Alin, S., Barbero, L., Evans, W., Bourgeois, T., Cooley, S., Dunne, J., Feely, R. A., Hernandez-Ayon, J. M., Hu, C., Hu, X., Lohrenz, S., Muller-Karger, F., Najjar, R., Robbins, L., Russell, J., Shadwick, E., Siedlecki, S., Steiner, N., Turk, D., Vlahos, P., Wang, Z. A. 2018. Chapter 16: Coastal Ocean and Continental Shelves. Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report DOI: 10.7930/soccr2.2018.ch16

Fennel, K., Alin, S., Barbero, L., Evans, W., Bourgeois, T., Cooley, S., Dunne, J., Feely, R. A., Hernandez-Ayon, J. M., Hu, X., Lohrenz, S., Muller-Karger, F., Najjar, R., Robbins, L., Shadwick, E., Siedlecki, S., Steiner, N., Sutton, A., Turk, D., Vlahos, P., Wang, Z. A. 2019. Carbon cycling in the North American coastal ocean: a synthesis. Biogeosciences. 16(6), 1281-1304. DOI: 10.5194/bg-16-1281-2019

Hurtt, G. C., Andrews, A., Bowman, K., Brown, M. E., Chatterjee, A., Escobar, V., Fatoyinbo, L., Griffith, P., Guy, M., Healey, S. P., Jacob, D. J., Kennedy, R., Lohrenz, S., McGroddy, M. E., Morales, V., Nehrkorn, T., Ott, L., Saatchi, S., Sepulveda Carlo, E., Serbin, S. P., Tian, H. 2022. The NASA Carbon Monitoring System Phase 2 synthesis: scope, findings, gaps and recommended next steps. Environmental Research Letters. 17(6), 063010. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac7407

Lohrenz, S. E., Cai, W., Chakraborty, S., Huang, W., Guo, X., He, R., Xue, Z., Fennel, K., Howden, S., Tian, H. 2018. Satellite estimation of coastal pCO2 and air-sea flux of carbon dioxide in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Remote Sensing of Environment. 207, 71-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2017.12.039

Lu, C., Yu, Z., Tian, H., Hennessy, D. A., Feng, H., Al-Kaisi, M., Zhou, Y., Sauer, T., Arritt, R. 2018. Increasing carbon footprint of grain crop production in the US Western Corn Belt. Environmental Research Letters. 13(12), 124007. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aae9fe

Lu, C., Zhang, J., Tian, H., Crumpton, W. G., Helmers, M. J., Cai, W., Hopkinson, C. S., Lohrenz, S. E. 2020. Increased extreme precipitation challenges nitrogen load management to the Gulf of Mexico. Communications Earth & Environment. 1(1). DOI: 10.1038/s43247-020-00020-7

Najjar, R. G., Herrmann, M., Alexander, R., Boyer, E. W., Burdige, D. J., Butman, D., Cai, W., Canuel, E. A., Chen, R. F., Friedrichs, M. A. M., Feagin, R. A., Griffith, P. C., Hinson, A. L., Holmquist, J. R., Hu, X., Kemp, W. M., Kroeger, K. D., Mannino, A., McCallister, S. L., McGillis, W. R., Mulholland, M. R., Pilskaln, C. H., Salisbury, J., Signorini, S. R., St-Laurent, P., Tian, H., Tzortziou, M., Vlahos, P., Wang, Z. A., Zimmerman, R. C. 2018. Carbon Budget of Tidal Wetlands, Estuaries, and Shelf Waters of Eastern North America. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 32(3), 389-416. DOI: 10.1002/2017GB005790

Poulter, B., Bousquet, P., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Peregon, A., Saunois, M., Arora, V. K., Beerling, D. J., Brovkin, V., Jones, C. D., Joos, F., Gedney, N., Ito, A., Kleinen, T., Koven, C. D., McDonald, K., Melton, J. R., Peng, C., Peng, S., Prigent, C., Schroeder, R., Riley, W. J., Saito, M., Spahni, R., Tian, H., Taylor, L., Viovy, N., Wilton, D., Wiltshire, A., Xu, X., Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Zhu, Q. 2017. Global wetland contribution to 2000-2012 atmospheric methane growth rate dynamics. Environmental Research Letters. 12(9), 094013. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8391

Ren, W., Tian, H., Cai, W., Lohrenz, S. E., Hopkinson, C. S., Huang, W., Yang, J., Tao, B., Pan, S., He, R. 2016. Century-long increasing trend and variability of dissolved organic carbon export from the Mississippi River basin driven by natural and anthropogenic forcing. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 30(9), 1288-1299. DOI: 10.1002/2016GB005395

Ren, W., Tian, H., Tao, B., Yang, J., Pan, S., Cai, W., Lohrenz, S. E., He, R., Hopkinson, C. S. 2015. Large increase in dissolved inorganic carbon flux from the Mississippi River to Gulf of Mexico due to climatic and anthropogenic changes over the 21st century. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 120(4), 724-736. DOI: 10.1002/2014JG002761

Tian, H., Xu, R., Pan, S., Yao, Y., Bian, Z., Cai, W., Hopkinson, C. S., Justic, D., Lohrenz, S., Lu, C., Ren, W., Yang, J. 2020. Long-Term Trajectory of Nitrogen Loading and Delivery From Mississippi River Basin to the Gulf of Mexico. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 34(5). DOI: 10.1029/2019GB006475

Yu, Z., Lu, C., Cao, P., Tian, H. 2018. Long-term terrestrial carbon dynamics in the Midwestern United States during 1850-2015: Roles of land use and cover change and agricultural management. Global Change Biology. 24(6), 2673-2690. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14074

Zhang, B., Tian, H., Lu, C., Chen, G., Pan, S., Anderson, C., Poulter, B. 2017. Methane emissions from global wetlands: An assessment of the uncertainty associated with various wetland extent data sets. Atmospheric Environment. 165, 310-321. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.07.001

Benway, H. M., Alin, S. R., Boyer, E., Cai, W., Coble, P. G., Cross, J. N., Friedrichs, M. A. M., Goni, M., Griffith, P., Herrmann, M., Lohrenz, S. E., Mathis, J. T., McKinley, G. A., Najjar, R. G., Pilskaln, C. H., Siedlecki, S. A., Smith, R. A. 2016. A science plan for carbon cycle research in North American coastal waters. Report of the Coastal CARbon Synthesis (CCARS) community workshop, August 19-21, 2014 DOI: 10.1575/1912/7777

Tian, H., Lu, C., Ciais, P., Michalak, A. M., Canadell, J. G., Saikawa, E., Huntzinger, D. N., Gurney, K. R., Sitch, S., Zhang, B., Yang, J., Bousquet, P., Bruhwiler, L., Chen, G., Dlugokencky, E., Friedlingstein, P., Melillo, J., Pan, S., Poulter, B., Prinn, R., Saunois, M., Schwalm, C. R., Wofsy, S. C. 2016. The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Nature. 531(7593), 225-228. DOI: 10.1038/nature16946

Salisbury, J., Vandemark, D., Jonsson, B., Balch, W., Chakraborty, S., Lohrenz, S., Chapron, B., Hales, B., Mannino, A., Mathis, J., Reul, N., Signorini, S., Wanninkhof, R., Yates, K. 2015. How Can Present and Future Satellite Missions Support Scientific Studies that Address Ocean Acidification? Oceanography. 25(2), 108-121. DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2015.35

Yang, Q., Tian, H., Li, X., Ren, W., Zhang, B., Zhang, X., Wolf, J. 2016. Spatiotemporal patterns of livestock manure nutrient production in the conterminous United States from 1930 to 2012. Science of The Total Environment. 541, 1592-1602. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.044

Huang, W., Cai, W., Wang, Y., Hu, X., Chen, B., Lohrenz, S. E., Chakraborty, S., He, R., Brandes, J., Hopkinson, C. S. 2015. The response of inorganic carbon distributions and dynamics to upwelling-favorable winds on the northern Gulf of Mexico during summer. Continental Shelf Research. 111, 211-222. DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2015.08.020

Yang, J., Tian, H., Tao, B., Ren, W., Pan, S., Liu, Y., Wang, Y. 2015. A growing importance of large fires in conterminous United States during 1984-2012. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 120(12), 2625-2640. DOI: 10.1002/2015JG002965

Xue, Z., He, R., Fennel, K., Cai, W., Lohrenz, S., Huang, W., Tian, H., Ren, W., Zang, Z. 2016. Modeling <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> variability in the Gulf of Mexico. Biogeosciences. 13(15), 4359-4377. DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-4359-2016

Tian, H., Ren, W., Yang, J., Tao, B., Cai, W., Lohrenz, S. E., Hopkinson, C. S., Liu, M., Yang, Q., Lu, C., Zhang, B., Banger, K., Pan, S., He, R., Xue, Z. 2015. Climate extremes dominating seasonal and interannual variations in carbon export from the Mississippi River Basin. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 29(9), 1333-1347. DOI: 10.1002/2014GB005068

Chakraborty, S., Lohrenz, S. 2015. Phytoplankton community structure in the river-influenced continental margin of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 521, 31-47. DOI: 10.3354/meps11107

Huang, W., Cai, W., Wang, Y., Lohrenz, S. E., Murrell, M. C. 2015. The carbon dioxide system on the Mississippi River-dominated continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1. Distribution and air-sea CO2flux. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 120(3), 1429-1445. DOI: 10.1002/2014JC010498

Tian, H., Yang, Q., Najjar, R. G., Ren, W., Friedrichs, M. A. M., Hopkinson, C. S., Pan, S. 2015. Anthropogenic and climatic influences on carbon fluxes from eastern North America to the Atlantic Ocean: A process-based modeling study. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 120(4), 757-772. DOI: 10.1002/2014JG002760

Zhang, C., Tian, H., Pan, S., Lockaby, G., Chappelka, A. 2014. Multi-factor controls on terrestrial carbon dynamics in urbanized areas. Biogeosciences. 11(24), 7107-7124. DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-7107-2014

Archived Data Citations: Cai, W.-J., Y. Wang, and W.-J. Huang. 2012. Sea Surface pCO2 measurements in the Gulf of Mexico during the Ocean Survey Vessel Bold cruises in 2006. http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2006.data. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.UG_GOM_UW_2006. Xue, Z., R. He, K. Fennel, W. J. Cai, S. Lohrenz, W. J. Huang, H. Tian, W. Ren, and Z. Zang (2016), Modeling pCO2 variability in the Gulf of Mexico, Biogeosciences, 13(15), 4359-4377, DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-4359-2016

Lohrenz, S. E., W.-J. Cai, S. Chakraborty, W.-J. Huang, K. Martin, X. Chen. Phytoplankton pigment, optical properties and CTD data from the Gulf of Mexico during the R/V Cape Hatteras cruises in 2009 and 2010. http://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/seabasscgi/data.cgi?experiment=GulfCarbon. DOI: 10.5067/SeaBASS/GULFCARBON/DATA001

Cai, W.-J., Y. Wang and W.-J. Huang. 2014. Sea surface pCO2 survey in the Gulf of Mexico during the R/V Cape Hatteras cruises in 2009 and 2010. http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Cape_Hatteras_GM/. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.Cape_Hatteras_GM

Cai, W.-J., Y. Wang, and W.-J. Huang. 2012. Sea Surface pCO2 measurements in the Gulf of Mexico during the Ocean Survey Vessel Bold cruises in 2007. http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2007.data. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.UG_GOM_UW_2007

He, R., and Z. Xue. 2017. CMS: Simulated Physical-Biogeochemical Data, SABGOM Model, Gulf of Mexico, 2005-2010. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1510

Lohrenz, S.E., W.J. Cai, S. Chakraborty, R. He, and H. Tian. 2019. Ocean Surface pCO2 and Air-Sea CO2 Flux in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, 2006-2010. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1668

Tian, H., S.E. Lohrenz, S. Pan, W.J. Cai, and R. He. 2019. Export and Leaching of Carbon and Nitrogen from Mississippi River Basin, 1901-2099. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1699

Yao, Y., and H. Tian. 2021. CMS: Annual Estimates of Global Riverine Nitrous Oxide Emissions, 1900-2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. DOI: 10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1791

2015 NASA Carbon Cycle & Ecosystems Joint Science Workshop Poster(s)
  • Ocean margins as an increasing sink for the atmospheric carbon dioxide   --   (Wei-Jun Cai, Goulven Laruelle, Xinping Hu, Pierre Regnier)   [abstract]
  • Contemporary and projected lateral carbon fluxes from North America to Oceans: A process-based modeling study   --   (Hanqin Tian, Qichun Yang, Wei Ren, Chaoqun Lu, Bowen Zhang, Shufen Pan, Bo Tao, Steven Lohrenz, Wei-Jun Cai, Ruoying He, Marjorie Friedrichs, Raymond Najjar)   [abstract]
5th NACP All-Investigators Meeting Posters (2015):
  • Integrated Observation and Modeling of Carbon Cycle Processes Across Terrestrial-Coastal Interfaces: Reducing Uncertainties and Enhancing Linkages to Decision Support -- (Steven Lohrenz, Hanqin Tian, Wei-Jun Cai, Ruoying He) [abstract]   [poster]
  • Contemporary and projected lateral carbon fluxes from North America to Oceans: A process-based modeling study -- (Hanqin Tian, Qichun Yang, Bowen Zhang, Jia Yang, Shufen Pan, Wei Ren, Chaoqun Lu, Bo Tao, Steven Lohrenz, Wei-Jun Cai, Ruoying He, Marjorie Friedrichs, Raymond Najjar) [abstract]